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Fernando, Harindra J. S.; Lee, S.M.; Anderson, J. R.; Princevac, Marko; Pardyjak, Eric R.; Grossman‐Clarke, Susanne

doi:10.1023/a:1011504001479

Cited by 176 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…The long street canyon goes through the region from southeast to northwest, as shown in Figure 1. airflow [1]. It is noted that the effectiveness of the heat and pollutant removal is strongly affected by the airflow patterns inside street canyons.…”

Section: Study Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The outdoor thermal and wind environment are of great significance to the living conditions and people's daily activities [1]. With the rapid urbanization, street canyons appear in cities as more and more high-rise buildings spring up, resulting in poor city ventilation [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air in the city can be well mixed and exchanged under the windy condition that introduces the fresh air from the suburbs into the city. The heat and pollutant generated from the city is likely to be removed by the airflow [1]. It is noted…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Study on the Urban Ventilation in Regulating Microclimate and Pollutant Dispersion in Urban Street Canyon: A Case Study of Nanjing New Region, China

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Urban ventilation plays an important role in regulating city climate and air quality. A numerical study was conducted to explore the ventilation effectiveness on the microclimate and pollutant removal in the urban street canyon based on the rebuilt Southern New Town region in Nanjing, China. The RNG k − ε turbulence model in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was employed to study the street canyon under parallel and perpendicular wind directions, respectively. Velocity inside of the street canyon and temperature on the building envelopes were obtained. A novel pressure coefficient was defined, and three methods were applied to evaluate the urban ventilation effectiveness. Results revealed that there was little comfort difference for the human body under two ventilation patterns in the street canyon. Air stagnation occurred easily in dense building clusters, especially under the perpendicular wind direction. In addition, large pressure coefficients (C P > 1) appeared at the windward region, contributing to promising ventilation. The air age was introduced to evaluate the "freshness" of the air in the street canyon and illustrated the ventilation effectiveness on the pollutant removal. It was found that the young air distributed where the corresponding ventilation was favorable and the wind speed was large. The results from this study can be useful in further city renovation for the street canyon construction and municipal planning.

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Section: Study Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Study on the Urban Ventilation in Regulating Microclimate and Pollutant Dispersion in Urban Street Canyon: A Case Study of Nanjing New Region, China

et al. 2017

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“…The meteorological and chemical measurements that were made during the 1997 Azteca experiment over the southern mountain range of Mexico City, the largest metropolitan area in North America, with a population of about 20 million [10][11][12][13], indicated that the upslope flows transported pollutants out of the city to higher elevations during the day, and the downslope flows transported a portion of the pollutants back towards the city at night [14,15]. Further investigation showed that the pollutants had lofted to regional flow or formed elevated recirculating flows within the convective boundary layer when the flow separated from the slope [3,5,[16][17][18][19][20], and when it did not, the pollutants typically returned to the urban valley at night [3,21]. The complex terrain therein can be approximated by a truncated structure with a slope and a plateau [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of Upslope Flow over a Plateau

et al. 2018

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A laboratory study was conducted in order to gain an understanding of thermal convection in a complex terrain that is characterized by a plateaued mountain. In particular, the separation of upslope (anabatic) flow over a two-dimensional uniform smooth slope, topped by a plateau, was considered. The working fluid was homogeneous water (neutral stratification). The topographic model was immersed in a large water tank with no mean flow. The entire topographic model was uniformly heated, and the width of the plateau, the slope angle, and the heating rate were varied. The upslope velocity field was measured by the Particle Tracking Velocimetry, aided by Feature Tracking Visualizations in order to detect the flow separation location. An analysis of the resulting flow showed a quantitative similarity to separating the upslope flow over steeper slopes, in the absence of a plateau when an effective angle that incorporates the normalized plateau width, the slope length, and the geometric slope angle, was used. Predictions for the dependence of the separation location and velocity on the geometry and heat flux were presented and compared with the existing data.

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“…Temporal climate patterns in an area (weather conditions) and the geographic area under study affect how the emissions are transferred and dispersed (22)(23)(24)(25). On a cross-local scale, airflow or lack of airflow are two main factors that have an impact on the transition and dispersion process of pollutants (26)(27)(28). Ahigher wind speed can affect the concentration of pollutants in urban areas (27,29).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion Modeling of Nitrogen Dioxide in Ambient Air of Ahvaz City

et al. 2016

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Background: Air emission modeling is used to study how pollutants are spread in the environment and to forecast their emissions rate in different climatic conditions in the study area. Today, air pollution threatens human public health and the environment, and Ahvaz is considered one of the main centers of air pollution in Iran. Objectives: This aim of this study was to evaluate the nitrogen dioxide distribution in Ahvaz by using the software program Screen 3. Materials and Methods: This analytical study was conducted in 2013 in Ahvaz. Data collections were performed by the Ahvaz Department of Environment. After processing the data received (averaging instruction set, coding), the file was converted to an input file for the software program Screen 3. In the next phase, study of the distribution and release of nitrogen dioxide during the year 2013 was modeled using the Screen 3 software. Results: Based on the results of this study, the highest and the lowest nitrogen dioxide concentration were in the Bureau of Meteorology and Head office of ADoE stations, respectively. The maximum concentration of NO 2 , at a height of 45 m, was 20 μg/m 3 .According to the findings of the modeling, examination of the combustion process was observed, and this was caused by the amount of nitrogen dioxide emitted by flue outlets, which was affected by temperature and pressure, fuel flow rates and inlet air temperature. Also, results showed that in most cases emission of air pollutants was towards the southwest. Conclusions: Results of this study showed that the Screen3 software is one of the popular models for estimating the distribution of air pollutants. Nitrogen dioxide emissions are highly regulated in most industrialized regions. Decreased emissions from fuel combustion, the use of scrubbers and filters that absorb pollution can be very useful for reduction and control of nitrogen dioxide emissions.

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Cited by 176 publications

References 151 publications

Numerical Study on the Urban Ventilation in Regulating Microclimate and Pollutant Dispersion in Urban Street Canyon: A Case Study of Nanjing New Region, China

Numerical Study on the Urban Ventilation in Regulating Microclimate and Pollutant Dispersion in Urban Street Canyon: A Case Study of Nanjing New Region, China

Separation of Upslope Flow over a Plateau

Dispersion Modeling of Nitrogen Dioxide in Ambient Air of Ahvaz City

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