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doi:10.1111/pen.2006.31.issue-3

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Specifically, in prior work, strains carrying APSE2 (82B) and APSE8 (5D) confer moderate resistance Oliver et al, 2005), while those associating with APSE3 (A1A) confer high levels of protection . Experimental lines were created using microinjection or selective antibiotic curing, establishing genetically identical aphid stocks varying only with respect to their harboured HFS (Douglas, Francois, & Minto, 2006). HFS infection status and APSE type for all lines were confirmed with diagnostic PCR and Sanger sequencing (see Degnan & Moran, 2008b;Henry et al, 2013;Weldon, Strand, & Oliver, 2013 for primers and protocols).…”

Section: Experimental Aphid Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breakdown of a defensive symbiosis, but not endogenous defences, at elevated temperatures

et al. 2017

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Environmental factors, including temperature, can have large effects on species interactions, including mutualisms and antagonisms. Most insect species are infected with heritable bacterial symbionts with many protecting their hosts from natural enemies. However, many symbionts or their products are thermally sensitive; hence, their effectiveness may vary across a range of temperatures. In the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, the bacterial symbiont Hamiltonella defensa and its associated APSE bacteriophages confer resistance to this aphid's dominant parasitoid, Aphidius ervi. Here, we investigate the effects of temperature on both endogenous and symbiont-based protection against this parasitoid. We also explored the defensive properties of the X-type symbiont, a bacterium hypothesized to shape aphid defence when co-occurring with H. defensa. We show that H. defensa protection fails at higher temperatures, although some aphid genotype and H. defensa strain combinations are more robust than others at moderately warmer temperatures. We also found that a single X-type strain neither defended against parasitism by A. ervi nor rescued lost H. defensa protection at higher temperatures. In contrast, endogenous aphid resistance was effective across temperatures, revealing that these distinct defensive modes are not equally robust to changing environments. Through a survey of field-collected pea aphids, we found a negative correlation between H. defensa frequencies and average daily temperatures across North American locales, fitting expectations for reduced symbiont benefits under warm climates. Based on these findings, we propose that rising global temperatures could promote the widespread breakdown of defensive mutualisms, a prospect with implications for both human and ecosystem health.

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Section: Experimental Aphid Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breakdown of a defensive symbiosis, but not endogenous defences, at elevated temperatures

et al. 2017

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Inhibitory effect of proteinaceous extracts of wheat seeds against gut α-amylase activity ofHelicoverpa armigera(Hübner) (Lep.: Noctuidea)

Majidiani

Abad

Bandani

2014

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection

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Mating periodicity and post-mating refractory period in the zoophytophagous plant bug Macrolophus caliginosus (Heteroptera: Miridae)

Gemeno¹,

Alomar²,

Riudavets³

et al. 2007

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. The zoophytophagous mirid bug Macrolophus caliginosus is an important biocontrol agent of whiteflies in the Mediterranean region. Periods of low productivity in commercial breeding units and unsuccessful establishment in greenhouses prompted this study of mating behaviour. Here we describe copulation behaviour, the diel mating periodicity and post-copulatory refractory period. A natural plant substrate needs to be provided if one wants to observe the copulatory behaviour of M. caliginosus in the laboratory. There was no apparent directional orientation in the approach of the two sexes, instead males pursued females after "accidentally" contacting them. Males mounted females from above, very rapidly, and without any obvious courtship behaviour, and copulation duration was very consistent (286.33 ± 4.23 s, mean ± SE). Observations over a 24-h period showed that mating was most frequent in the 8-h scotophase and first half of the 16-h photophase than in the second half of the photophase. Mated females became strongly unreceptive to new male mounting attempts, shaking their abdomen and leaving the plant if harassed. To determine the duration of the post-mating refractory period mating receptivity of females that had mated 1 or 2 weeks earlier was compared with that of virgin females of similar age. Mated females remained unreceptive even 2 weeks after mating, whereas half of the virgin females of equivalent age mated. Mated females were more likely to abandon a plant than virgin females when harassed by a male. Most males remated a few minutes after mating for the first time. M. caliginosus is atypical among mirids in that females apparently mate only once.

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Untitled

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Breakdown of a defensive symbiosis, but not endogenous defences, at elevated temperatures

Breakdown of a defensive symbiosis, but not endogenous defences, at elevated temperatures

Inhibitory effect of proteinaceous extracts of wheat seeds against gut α-amylase activity ofHelicoverpa armigera(Hübner) (Lep.: Noctuidea)

Mating periodicity and post-mating refractory period in the zoophytophagous plant bug Macrolophus caliginosus (Heteroptera: Miridae)

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