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The kinetics of citral hydrogenation over Pd supported on clinoptilolite rich natural zeolite

“…It was $90% when the reaction was performed with the higher amount of catalyst (the details are given in Section 3.2.3). The selectivities established by others were 88% over Pd/SiO 2 -AlPO 4 [4], 70% over Pd/SiO 2 [11] and 87.5% over Pd/polymer and 67.5% for Pd/C [8]. The effect of zeolite support was reported by Maki-Arvela et al [9].…”

“…This was attributed to the catalyst acidity induced by chloride precursor used in the catalyst preparation. However, there are studies in which a chloride free precursor was used and still the formation of acetals was observed [8,13,26]. In the present study, the use of Cl precursor was avoided.…”

“…Aumo et al [8] have observed very high yields of acetal over Pd/C, reaching 52%. This was attributed to the catalyst acidity induced by chloride precursor used in the catalyst preparation.…”

“…Therefore, many studies have been pursued to develop a suitable industrial catalyst that would be able to lead to a very high selectivity at total conversion [4,[6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, the effect of reaction parameters on selectivity and the catalyst regeneration for a given catalyst are rarely studied.…”

TiO2 Supported Pt Based Bimetallic Nanocatalysts for Selective Hydrogenation of Citral

“…Vast literature survey is available on the selective hydrogenation of α, β-unsaturated aldehydes catalyzed by different noble metals supported catalysts [15][16][17] . In addition catalytic hydrogenation of α, β-unsaturated aldehydes are mostly based on supported metals platinum based bimetallic catalysts [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] . The selectivity towards unsaturated alcohols (geraniol and nerol) could also be increased by metal has deposited on reducible support as TiO 2 , the hydrogenation of the C=O bond can be promoted due to the presence of partially reduced species generated upon reduction at high temperature, that is strong metal-support interaction (SMSI effect) [31][32][33][34] and also addition of second metals at the same phenomena.…”