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Macauley-Patrick, Sue; Arnold, S. Alison; McCarthy, Brendan; Harvey, Linda M.; McNeil, Brian

doi:10.1023/a:1022351001284

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These three technologies—LIBS, DRIFTS, and INS—have been used extensively for elemental and chemical analysis in other applications. For example, LIBS has been used to quantify heavy metal contamination in soils [17], DRIFTS has been applied to characterize compounds and measure their concentrations in many materials [18]–[20], and INS has been employed to measure whole patient elemental composition [21]. Due to their physical characteristics, soil volumes analyzed by LIBS and DRIFTS are very small in comparison to the very large volume analyzed by INS, which does not require soil sampling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Three Field-Based Methods for Quantifying Soil Carbon

et al. 2013

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Three advanced technologies to measure soil carbon (C) density (g C m−2) are deployed in the field and the results compared against those obtained by the dry combustion (DC) method. The advanced methods are: a) Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), b) Diffuse Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (DRIFTS), and c) Inelastic Neutron Scattering (INS). The measurements and soil samples were acquired at Beltsville, MD, USA and at Centro International para el Mejoramiento del Maíz y el Trigo (CIMMYT) at El Batán, Mexico. At Beltsville, soil samples were extracted at three depth intervals (0–5, 5–15, and 15–30 cm) and processed for analysis in the field with the LIBS and DRIFTS instruments. The INS instrument determined soil C density to a depth of 30 cm via scanning and stationary measurements. Subsequently, soil core samples were analyzed in the laboratory for soil bulk density (kg m−3), C concentration (g kg−1) by DC, and results reported as soil C density (kg m−2). Results from each technique were derived independently and contributed to a blind test against results from the reference (DC) method. A similar procedure was employed at CIMMYT in Mexico employing but only with the LIBS and DRIFTS instruments. Following conversion to common units, we found that the LIBS, DRIFTS, and INS results can be compared directly with those obtained by the DC method. The first two methods and the standard DC require soil sampling and need soil bulk density information to convert soil C concentrations to soil C densities while the INS method does not require soil sampling. We conclude that, in comparison with the DC method, the three instruments (a) showed acceptable performances although further work is needed to improve calibration techniques and (b) demonstrated their portability and their capacity to perform under field conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Three Field-Based Methods for Quantifying Soil Carbon

et al. 2013

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“…Saccharides are the most abundant of the four major classes of biomolecules. They have numerous functions in biological systems and play major roles in the working process of the immune system, fertilization, pathogenesis, blood clotting, and development. – Because of their importance in biological processes, the detection of saccharides has been of great interests for many years. – Most of the methods used in saccharide detection are based on the enzymatic electrode, which has been under development since the 1960s. , Although the enzyme-based method is highly selective and effective, developing alternative saccharide sensing approaches that do not depend on enzymatic recognition has gained much attention in the last few decades due to their better stability and designability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have numerous functions in biological systems and play major roles in the working process of the immune system, fertilization, pathogenesis, blood clotting, and development. [1][2][3][4] Because of their importance in biological processes, the detection of saccharides has been of great interests for many years. [5][6][7][8] Most of the methods used in saccharide detection are based on the enzymatic electrode, which has been under development since the 1960s.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lipophilic Polymer Membrane Optical Sensor with a Synthetic Receptor for Saccharide Detection

Peng

Qin

2008

Anal. Chem.

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An optical sensing approach for the detection of saccharides based on reversible boronic acid-diol complexation in a lipophilic polymer membrane is presented. The complexation of saccharides with phenyl boronic acids that are immobilized in a hydrophobic polymer matrix produces a stable boronate anion and liberates a mobile hydrogen ion. The change in fluorescence intensity of the sensing films resulting from the increase in hydrogen ion concentration is thus directly related to the ambient saccharide concentration. By monitoring the pH change in a bulk optical film, we were able to detect D-glucose, D-fructose, D-galactose, and D-sorbitol with a concentration range from 0.1 to 100 mM at physiological pH 7.4.

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Development and validation of an infrared spectroscopy‐based method for the analysis of moisture content in 5‐fluorouracil

Singh

Jangir

Mehrotra

et al. 2009

Drug Testing and Analysis

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The determination of moisture content in pharmaceuticals is very important as moisture is mainly responsible for the degradation of drugs. Degraded drugs have reduced efficacy and could be hazardous. The objective of the present work is to replace the Karl Fischer (KF) titration method used for moisture analysis with a method that is rapid, involves no toxic materials and is more effective. Diffuse reflectance infrared (IR) spectroscopy, which is explored as a potential alternative to various approaches, is investigated for moisture analysis in 5-fluorouracil, an anticancer drug. A total of 150 samples with varying moisture content were prepared in laboratory by exposing the drug at different relative humidities, for different time intervals. Infrared spectra of these samples were collected with a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer using a diffuse reflectance accessory. Reference moisture values were obtained using the Karl Fischer titration method. A number of calibration models were developed using the partial least squares (PLS) regression method. A good correlation was obtained between predicted IR values and reference values in the calibration and validation set. The derived calibration curve was used to predict moisture content in unknown samples. The results show that IR spectroscopy can be used successfully for the determination of moisture content in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Untitled

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Evaluation of Three Field-Based Methods for Quantifying Soil Carbon

Evaluation of Three Field-Based Methods for Quantifying Soil Carbon

Lipophilic Polymer Membrane Optical Sensor with a Synthetic Receptor for Saccharide Detection

Development and validation of an infrared spectroscopy‐based method for the analysis of moisture content in 5‐fluorouracil

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