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Long-term changes in aluminum fractions of drainage waters in two forest catchments with contrasting lithology

“…The base saturation of soils at Pluhův Bor systematically increased from 49% in the H horizon to almost 100% in the C horizon, and this pattern was largely attributable to exchangeable Mg. In contrast, the catchment at Lysina showed low base saturation; it decreased with depth from 18% in the H horizon to less than 5% in the lower mineral horizons [9].…”

“…Symptoms of yellowing of older needles and canopy thinning of spruce stands at Lysina may be linked with the very low Mg content of foliage [9] and high Al content in soils, fine roots, and soil water [29].…”

“…Fine (<2 mm) and medium (2-5 mm) roots were separated according to the size in diameter. There was enough sample for separate analyses of these roots sizes only at Lysina [20,9]. Bulk precipitation and throughfall have been collected at several sites ( Fig.…”

“…1). Major geologic formations of the petrologically diverse Slavkov Forest were shown in [9]. Streams in the Slavkov Forest have experienced marked declines of SO concentrations in the 1990s due to decreases in emissions of SO 2 and NO x and associated decreases in acidic deposition [11].…”

“…Furthermore, dry deposition of acidic substances onto the canopy of coniferous spruce trees substantially increases acid inputs to the soil in comparison to the canopy of decidous beech [8]. Another important factor controlling the effects of acidic deposition on water quality is the bedrock type [9,10].…”