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McMaster, Heather

doi:10.1023/a:1011820206279

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The second purpose was to minimise the effect on the observers caused by the damage claims to insurance and other administrations. The values were more biased in agricultural areas, as was found in other presented analyses [31,32]. Changnon observed that the bias in hail size estimation was at less 0.1 cm in stones greater or larger than 2.5 cm.…”

Section: Form Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

A Comparative Analysis between Radar and Human Observations of the Giant Hail Event of 30 August 2022 in Catalonia

Rigo

Farnell

2023

Atmosphere

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Three facts characterise the hailstorm of 30 August 2022 in the Catalan village of La Bisbal d’Empordà and its surroundings: first, the most dramatic, the death of a child hit by a hailstone; second, the damage to most of the roofs and cars in the town; finally, the highest recorded amount of hail (more than 10 cm) in Catalonia in at least the last 30 years. This research focuses on the radar field comparison and the observations provided by an electronic survey of the study area. The results reveal that weather radar underestimated the hail size because of different factors. Conversely, some reporters provided an inaccurate hour. The difference of three months between the hail event and the electronic survey is the probable cause of this mistake in the time estimation. However, the survey delay helped to avoid answers with larger hail sizes than those provided by the official spotters.

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Section: Form Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

A Comparative Analysis between Radar and Human Observations of the Giant Hail Event of 30 August 2022 in Catalonia

Rigo

Farnell

2023

Atmosphere

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“…This is because small-scale hail is much more frequent than large-scale hail [20,76]. Hail damages crops and trees at hailstone diameters ≥12.5 mm and ≥30 mm, respectively [51,52,76,78]. Damage to crops and trees is often initially or completely overlooked, leading to serious long-term damage [16].…”

Section: Hail Damage and Risk Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hail: Mechanisms, Monitoring, Forecasting, Damages, Financial Compensation Systems, and Prevention

Kim,

Lee,

Lee

2023

Atmosphere

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Hail has long caused extensive damage and economic loss in places inhabited by humans. Climate change is expected to lead to different types of damage due to the geographic characteristics of each continent. Under changing environment, hail is becoming increasingly unstable and is causing damage that is difficult to repair, making it essential to study the occurrence of hail and hail-damage. Hail formation has been studied at the micro- and macrophysical scales as well as thermal and dynamical scales. Hail forms in various sizes, and the scale of damage varies with size. Hail precipitation occurs suddenly and is localized, making it is difficult to observe and predict. Nonetheless, techniques to measure and forecast hail precipitation are improving in accuracy. Hail-damage management and financial compensation systems are used to mitigate the severe economic losses caused by hail fallen in rural and urban areas. This review most comprehensively considers hail research, focusing on the mechanisms, observation and prediction methods, damage, social compensation systems for hail damage, and hail-disaster prevention, suggesting future study directions briefly.

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“…For the region of Moldova there are recent studies that address the size of hail but these are limited to case studies (Axinte, 2019;Ilie et al, 2020). The other method calculates H using the frequency of hail days (McMaster et al, 2001;Leigh et al, 2001). In some studies, were directly applied as the index for assessment on H the total hail days (Berz et al, 2001) or average annual hail days (McMaster et al, 2001).…”

Section: 𝑅 = 𝑓(𝐻 𝐸 𝑉)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other method calculates H using the frequency of hail days (McMaster et al, 2001;Leigh et al, 2001). In some studies, were directly applied as the index for assessment on H the total hail days (Berz et al, 2001) or average annual hail days (McMaster et al, 2001). In this paper, we used average annual hail days as the index for assessment on H. The average number of days with hail is the parameter that highlights the qualitative aspect of the phenomenon.…”

Section: 𝑅 = 𝑓(𝐻 𝐸 𝑉)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hailstorm risk assessment for crop areas in Moldova Region (Romania)

Vasilică

Jitariu

Ichim

et al. 2021

Present Environment and Sustainable Development

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Estimating the impact of hail on agricultural land is needed in order to streamline damage reduction methods. In this regard, hail risk maps were prepared for the region of Moldova for the main types of crops (wheat and rye, corn, potato, sugar beet, sunflower, vegetables, orchards and vineyards). The methodology that we used consists in determining the risk map, as the product between the hazard map (average annual number of days with hail), the exposure map (agricultural crop value) and the vulnerability map (the percentage occupied by a certain agricultural crop in the administrative units). Areas with severe hail risk are in the eastern half of Vrancea County, the western part of Galati County and the northeastern part of Iasi County, where there are large areas cultivated with vines, orchards and vegetables. In Vaslui County, the most exposed ATUs are those in the vicinity of Bârlad, Fălciu Hills and the Huși wine area. Most AUs in Bacău and Suceava counties, in the southern part of Neamț County, are included in the medium and high-risk classes due to the suitable conditions for cultivating most plants and the higher frequency of hail. The ATUs from Botosani County are included in the low and medium risk classes. The lowest level of risk is registered in the case of AUs from the mountainous area, the Curvature Subcarpathians and the areas with higher altitudes from the Central Moldavian Plateau and Tutova Hills.

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Untitled

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

A Comparative Analysis between Radar and Human Observations of the Giant Hail Event of 30 August 2022 in Catalonia

A Comparative Analysis between Radar and Human Observations of the Giant Hail Event of 30 August 2022 in Catalonia

Hail: Mechanisms, Monitoring, Forecasting, Damages, Financial Compensation Systems, and Prevention

Hailstorm risk assessment for crop areas in Moldova Region (Romania)

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