987 des-acyl Ghrelin Suppresses Food Intake and Body Weight Gain in Adult Obese Zucker Rats

Ghrelin Gene Products and the Regulation of Food Intake and Gut Motility

“…At first, des-acyl ghrelin was regarded as a nonfunctional ghrelin ligand. Desacyl ghrelin has been shown to actively participate in food intake (Asakawa et al, 2005;Chen et al, 2005a,b;Matsuda et al, 2006;Toshinai et al, 2006;Muscaritoli et al, 2007;Inhoff et al, 2008;Stengel et al, 2008), gut motility (Asakawa et al, 2005;Chen et al, 2005a,b), body size development Asakawa et al, 2005), adipogenesis (Thompson et al, 2004), insulin secretion and resistance (Broglio et al, 2004b;Gauna et al, 2004Gauna et al, , 2005Gauna et al, , 2007Iwakura et al, 2005;Qader et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2008b;Kiewiet et al, 2009), to increase tension of guinea pig papillary muscle ex vivo (Bedendi et al, 2003), and cell proliferation and survival in vitro (Baldanzi et al, 2002;Cassoni et al, 2004Cassoni et al, , 2006Granata et al, 2006Granata et al, , 2007Filigheddu et al, 2007). A more recent study revealed that des-acyl ghrelin was secreted in a highly regulated manner in response to food deprivation in mice (Kirchner et al, 2009).…”

“…Third, intraperitoneal injection of des-acyl ghrelin induced mRNA expression of CART and urocortin 1 in mice (Asakawa et al, 2005), which are both anorectic neu-ropeptides. Fourth, peripheral des-acyl ghrelin elicited c-fos immunoreactivity in the arcuate nucleus (Asakawa et al, 2005;Chen et al, 2005b;Stengel et al, 2008) and paraventricular nucleus (Asakawa et al, 2005;Chen et al, 2005b;Stengel et al, 2008) without change in the solitary tract nucleus (Chen et al, 2005b), indicating that the activation of des-acyl ghrelin on brain neurons was devoid of a vagal afferent nerve-solitary tract nucleus pathway. Fifth, intraperitoneal des-acyl ghrelin attenuated acyl ghrelin-induced c-fos immunoreactivity in the arcuate nucleus in lean rats .…”

Ghrelin in Chronic Kidney Disease

“…In contrast, des-acyl ghrelin, lacking O - n -octanoylation at serine 3, is also produced in the stomach and remains the major molecular form secreted into the circulation. Des-acyl ghrelin has been shown to actively participate in food intake [ 18 ], gut motility [ 19 ], body size development [ 19 , 20 ], adipogenesis [ 21 ], insulin secretion and resistance [ 22 ], and to increase tension of guinea pig papillary muscle ex vivo [ 23 ], and cell proliferation and survival in vitro [ 24 , 25 ]. Des-acyl ghrelin was secreted in a highly regulated manner in response to food deprivation in mice [ 26 ].…”