986 Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Syphilis Among Inmates of Bulgarian Prisons

Popov, G; Plochev, K.; Pekova, Liliya; Pishmisheva, Maria; Popov, Tamara; Tchervenyakova, T.

doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(13)60988-5

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Alongside a pooled estimate of 20.3% [ 47 , 48 ], consecutive annual estimates report a decrease in anti-HCV prevalence in Spain from 44.9% in 2000 to 25.3% in 2009 [ 49 ]. Two multi-centre study-derived estimates from Bulgaria were pooled into an estimate of 26.3% (95% CI 23.5–29.3) [ 50 , 51 ]. Four estimates from the UK were pooled into an overall prevalence of 17.4% (95% CI 16.4–18.4) [ 52 – 55 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B/C in the countries of the EU/EEA: a systematic review of the prevalence among at-risk groups

et al. 2018

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BackgroundIn 2016, the World Health Organisation set a goal to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030. Robust epidemiological information underpins all efforts to achieve elimination and this systematic review provides estimates of HBsAg and anti-HCV prevalence in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) among three at-risk populations: people in prison, men who have sex with men (MSM), and people who inject drugs (PWID).MethodsEstimates of the prevalence among the three risk groups included in our study were derived from multiple sources. A systematic search of literature published during 2005–2015 was conducted without linguistic restrictions to identify studies among people in prison and HIV negative/HIV sero-status unknown MSM. National surveillance focal points were contacted to validate the search results. Studies were assessed for risk of bias and high quality estimates were pooled at country level. PWID data were extracted from the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) repository.ResultsDespite gaps, we report 68 single study/pooled HBsAg/anti-HCV prevalence estimates covering 23/31 EU/EEA countries, 42 of which were of intermediate/high prevalence using the WHO endemicity threshold (of ≥2%). This includes 20 of the 23 estimates among PWID, 20 of the 28 high quality estimates among people in prison, and four of the 17 estimates among MSM. In general terms, the highest HBsAg prevalence was found among people in prison (range of 0.3% - 25.2%) followed by PWID (0.5% - 6.1%) and MSM (0.0% - 1.4%). The highest prevalence of anti-HCV was also found among people in prison (4.3% - 86.3%) and PWID (13.8% - 84.3%) followed by MSM (0.0% - 4.7%).ConclusionsOur results suggest prioritisation of PWID and the prison population as the key populations for HBV/HCV screening and treatment given their dynamic interaction and high prevalence. The findings of this study do not seem to strongly support the continued classification of MSM as a high risk group for chronic hepatitis B infection. However, we still consider MSM a key population for targeted action given the emerging evidence of viral hepatitis transmission within this risk group together with the complex interaction of HBV/HCV and HIV.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-2988-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B/C in the countries of the EU/EEA: a systematic review of the prevalence among at-risk groups

et al. 2018

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“…24 Second, the prisons are place for getting serious infectious diseases, especially viral hepatitis. [25][26][27] Third, low health education among some commu-nities (gypsies, low-income social groups, etc.). 28 Fourth, lack of effective control on unregulated tattoos and piercing services.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the Acute Hepatitis B and Acute Hepatitis C in Bulgaria

Baymakova

Karcheva

2019

Folia Medica

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Introduction: Bulgaria joined European Union (EU) on 1 January 2007. Since the accession all regulations, directives, decisions, recommendations, and opinions of the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union, and the European Commission are being implemented. Aim: The purpose of this study was to present the morbidity of acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) and acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Bulgaria before and after accession to the EU. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was performed. The morbidity of acute HBV and acute HCV infections in Bulgaria was analyzed over a period of sixteen years (2000−2016). The collected data were based on the National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases (NCIPD) and the National Center of Public Health and Analyses (NCPHA). Results: Between 2000 and 2016, 11038 cases of acute HBV infection and 1681 cases of acute HCV infection were reported in Bulgaria. Before the accession to EU, the morbidity rates of acute HBV and acute HCV infections were 12.77 cases per 100 000 population (95% CI: 11.45–13.97) and 1.52 cases per 100 000 population (95% CI: 1.17–1.96), respectively. After the accession to the EU, the morbidity rates of acute HBV and acute HCV infections were 5.29 cases per 100 000 population (95% CI: 3.86–6.73) and 1.14 cases per 100 000 population, respectively. Conclusion: Analysis of the data suggests that there is a tendency for lower morbidity rates of acute HBV. The situation with acute HCV is relatively stable over the years regardless of EU membership.

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“…A study carried out for 788 inmates in five Bulgarian prisons during the period 2018–2019 showed an overall rate of antibody positivity for anti-HDV to be 10.86% (n = 84). This study showed a higher prevalence of blood-borne infections among prison inmates in comparison with the general population in Bulgaria, suggesting their probable transmission in prisons was due to intravenous drug use, unsafe sexual behaviour and tattoos [ 46 ]. All this data clearly suggests that the prevalence of HDV infection in Bulgaria is close to the average evaluation for chronic HBV/HDV carriers in Europe reported in a recent meta-analysis made by Stockdale and colleagues [ 16 ].…”

Section: The Contemporary Patterns Of Chronic Hepatitis D: a Literatu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology Pattern, Prevalent Genotype Distribution, Fighting Stigma and Control Options for Hepatitis D in Bulgaria and Other European Countries

Tsaneva

Georgieva

2023

Life

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Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a satellite virus that causes the most aggressive form of all viral hepatitis in individuals already infected with HBV (hepatitis B virus). In recent years, there has been a negative trend towards an increase in the prevalence of chronic hepatitis D in Europe, especially among immigrant populations coming from regions endemic for the virus. The aim of this review is to analyse the current epidemiology of chronic HDV, routes of transmission, prevalent genotype, its management, prevention, fighting stigma and options for viral control in European countries, such as Bulgaria.

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986 Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Syphilis Among Inmates of Bulgarian Prisons

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Hepatitis B/C in the countries of the EU/EEA: a systematic review of the prevalence among at-risk groups

Hepatitis B/C in the countries of the EU/EEA: a systematic review of the prevalence among at-risk groups

Trends in the Acute Hepatitis B and Acute Hepatitis C in Bulgaria

Epidemiology Pattern, Prevalent Genotype Distribution, Fighting Stigma and Control Options for Hepatitis D in Bulgaria and Other European Countries

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