96 Charcot-Leyden crystal protein and eosinophil granule major basic protein in sputum of patients with respiratory diseases

Dor, Philippe J.; Ackerman, S.J.; Gleich, Gerald J.

doi:10.1016/0091-6749(83)90220-8

Cited by 34 publications

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“…Compact clusters of columnar cells containing numerous eosinophils, eosinophil granules as well as Creola bodies may also be seen [416]. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the concentration of MBP in sputum is consistently raised and the detection of this protein is specific for asthma [329,428]. The amount of Creola bodies and EPO in sputa were also elevated in asthma, although these proteins are not specific for this disease [253].…”

Section: Bronchial Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulmonary immune cells in health and disease: the eosinophil leucocyte (Part II)

Kroegel¹,

Warner²,

Jc³

et al. 1994

Eur Respir J

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The second part of this review on eosinophils focuses on biological cell functions and surveys the various deleterious mechanisms involved in the eosinophil-dominated inflammatory reaction. It discusses the possible pathogenic role of eosinophils in several eosinophil-related diseases, such as parasitic infections, interstitial lung disorders and bronchial diseases, graft rejection, vasculitic granulomatous disorders, pleural effusion, and bronchogenic tumours.The final section of the article highlights the possible recent pharmacological and future therapeutic approaches in modifying eosinophil recruitment and function. Eur Respir J., 1994, 7, 743-760 This paper is published as a follow-on to "Pulmonary immune cells in health and disease: the eosinophil leucocyte (Part I)"* (Eur Respir J, 1994; 7: 519-543). Biological cell functionsThe eosinophil mediates its effector functions through various distinct cellular mechanisms, namely nonoxidative, oxidative, and humoral mechanisms ( fig. 7). Nonoxidative mechanismsAs mentioned previously, the three basic proteins as well as eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) have toxic properties independent of molecular oxygen species. For instance, major basic protein (MBP) [323], eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) [324] and EPO in the presence of hydrogen superoxide and a halide [99] kill helminthic parasites in vitro. In addition, these proteins are toxic for tumour cells and/or mammalian cells [325], including human pulmonary parenchyma and interstitial matrix [326,327], cultured human lung epithelial cells [328], and guinea-pig respiratory epithelium [252, 253,329]. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that MBP damages human bronchial epithelium, which consists of desquamation and destruction of ciliated cells [329]. Finally, release of their granule proteins by plateletactivating factor (PAF)-activated intact eosinophils has been shown to imitate the characteristic pathological findings of airway epithelium in asthma [330].In addition to their cytotoxic action, eosinophil cationic proteins at certain subtoxic concentrations also stimulate other inflammatory cells. For instance, MBP and ECP have been shown to degranulate platelets [305], induce histamine release from mast cells and basophils [240, 245,331], as well as superoxide anion generation and lysosomal enzyme release by human neutrophils [264].Finally, eosinophil proteins may affect airway muscle function and hyperresponsiveness. Recent reports investigating the effects of direct intratracheal instillation of purified eosinophil granule proteins on pulmonary function and airway responsiveness in primates [281,332] have shown that MBP induces a dose-related increase in airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine. In the same model, both MBP and EPO caused a transient bronchoconstriction immediately after instillation, that resolved within 1 h. Interestingly, other eosinophil granular proteins failed to effect airway responsiveness or pulmonary function.Mode of action. The mode of action of these basic proteins is n...

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Section: Bronchial Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large numbers of eosinophils or eosinophil-derived proteins are found in sputum of symptomatic asthmatics, particularly in aspirin-induced asthma [253, 329,[427][428][429]. Compact clusters of columnar cells containing numerous eosinophils, eosinophil granules as well as Creola bodies may also be seen [416].…”

Section: Bronchial Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary immune cells in health and disease: the eosinophil leucocyte (Part II)

Kroegel¹,

Warner²,

Jc³

et al. 1994

Eur Respir J

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“…Charcot-Leyden crystal (CLC) protein was measured as described previously [7,8]. One hundred microlitre aliquots of BAL fluid were placed in a "double-sandwich" radioimmunoassay.…”

Section: Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Methacholine challenge does not affect bronchoalveolar fluid cell number and many indices of cell function in asthma

et al. 1995

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No significant differences were noted in any of these markers of cell number or function which could be ascribed to methacholine challenge.Thus, methacholine challenge does not appear to affect these markers of cell number and function. These findings indicate that a methacholine challenge can be used as a measure of bronchial hyperresponsiveness within 30 min prior to bronchoscopy without altering bronchoalveolar lavage fluid characteristics.

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“…Eosinophils also release several inflammatory mediators, including platelet-activating factor (PAF) [4], leukotriene C 4 (LTC 4 ) [5] and superoxide anions following nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form (NADPH) oxidase activation [6], which may contribute to airway inflammation. Peripheral blood and sputum eosinophilia are recognized features of asthma, and eosinophil proteins can be detected in the sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of asthmatic patients [7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Priming of circulating human eosinophils following late response to allergen challenge

Evans¹,

Lindsay²,

O’Connor³

et al. 1996

Eur Respir J

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The eosinophil is recognized as an important effector cell in asthma. To investigate the role of eosinophils in the aetiology of asthma, we have examined whether peripheral blood eosinophils are primed following whole-lung allergen challenge.Nineteen mild asthmatics, who each demonstrated a late asthmatic response (LAR), were studied. The priming of eosinophils following allergen challenge was assessed by measuring: 1) platelet-activating factor (PAF) and complement factor 5a (C5a) stimulated H 2 O 2 release upon fibrinogen-coated tissue culture plates (n=8); and 2) ex-vivo cell survival (n=11). Subjects were venepunctured before and 24 h after allergen challenge and eosinophils were prepared by immunomagnetic separation.Basal H 2 O 2 release was increased from eosinophils following allergen challenge. The response to PAF stimulation was significantly increased in terms of cell sensitivity (negative log of concentration producing half the maximal effect (pD 2 )) and responsiveness (maximum effect Emax). With C5a, although there was no change in sensitivity there was a significant increase in the maximal response. Ex-vivo eosinophil survival (at 3 days and cell half-life) was significantly prolonged following allergen challenge.In conclusion, we have demonstrated the priming of circulating eosinophils following allergen challenge.

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96 Charcot-Leyden crystal protein and eosinophil granule major basic protein in sputum of patients with respiratory diseases

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Pulmonary immune cells in health and disease: the eosinophil leucocyte (Part II)

Pulmonary immune cells in health and disease: the eosinophil leucocyte (Part II)

Methacholine challenge does not affect bronchoalveolar fluid cell number and many indices of cell function in asthma

Priming of circulating human eosinophils following late response to allergen challenge

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