“…Of course, the thermal lensing effect can be corrected by special cavity design, and the thermally induced birefringence can be neglected for birefringent laser crystal, but the thermally induced diffraction losses and thermal fracture are difficult to eliminate. In recent years, a composite laser medium has been proven to provide a very effective way to reduce thermal effects [10,17,18]. By diffusion bonding the undoped end caps to the doped laser medium, on one hand, the diffusion bond can provide an uninhibited heat flow from the doped to the undoped region; on the other hand, the undoped end caps can prevent the doped pump face from expanding along its axis, therefore no surface deformation takes place at this interface, that results in the higher thermal fracture limit pump power.…”