90Sr migration to the geo-sphere from a waste burial in the Chernobyl exclusion zone

Innovative Technology of Horizontal Protective Shield Arrangement Using Injection

“…The radiocarbon (14C) values of humic and fulvic acids ranged from −68‰ to +75‰, and were ∼400‰ lower than those of non-contaminated environments [6]. Microscopic analyses of waste materials and leaching experiments showed that 10-30% of the radioactive inventory is associated with chemically extra-stable Zr-U-O particles [7]. The 36Cl/Cl ratios measured in groundwater, trench soil water, and leaf leachates are 1-5 orders of magnitude higher than the theoretical natural 36Cl/Cl ratio [8].…”

Characterisation of surface uptake and biosorption of cationic nuclear fission products by sulphate-reducing bacteria

“…These elements are characterised by very high mobility in water, high radiological decay rates and short half-lives. For example, strontium is highly mobile in both soils and groundwater systems (Dewiere et al, 2004) and has a half-life of 28 years (Chirwa, 2011). Although these elements are released in very small amounts compared to other waste compounds such as radiocarbon-14 (C-14), sodium and nitrate, their presence raises the radiation level enough for the whole bulk of the wastewater to be classified as low to medium level nuclear waste (LLW, MLW) (Greve et al, 2007).…”

“…The cells can thus be utilised in the adsorption of metallic fission products from radioactive wastewater (Chen et al, 2005;Ngwenya and Chirwa, 2010). The uptake of metallic species onto the surfaces of SROs can involve metabolic processes in living cells requiring energy dispersion or can occur as pseudo physicalchemical processes on the surfaces of dead biomass (Dewiere et al, 2004;Gadd, 2010).…”

Capability of the Kd model to predict radionuclides behaviour and transport in unsaturated columns under steady flow conditions

“…The project was organized through an international cooperation agreement between two Ukrainian (Institute of Geological Science and Institute of Agricultural Radiology) and two French institutes (IRSN and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)). The project was aimed at characterizing and modelling radionuclide migration from the near-surface radioactive waste burial site containing dispersed nuclear fuel to soils and the geosphere [2].…”

“…Trench N°22 and the top layer contain fuel particles that dissolve and release 90 Sr and 137 Cs. For 15 years, radionuclides have been penetrating the unsaturated soil zone and the water table at 2-3 m depth with the result that 90 Sr activity in the water table varies between 10 and 13000 Bq.L -1 , while the plume can be seen to spread over a few tens of meters downstream of trench N°22 [2]. 137 Cs is strongly sorbed by the soil surrounding the trench, and 137 Cs activity is fixed in a few centimeters from the trench perimeter.…”