9000 km, 5 Gb/s NRZ Transmission Experiment Using 274 Erbium-Doped Fiber-Amplifiers

Bergano, Neal S.; Davidson, Carl; Homsey, G. M.; Kalmus, D. J.; Trischitta, P.R.; Aspell, J.; Gray, Douglas A.; Maybach, R. L.; Yamamoto, S.; Taga, H.; Edagawa, N.; Yoshida, Yuki; Homma, Yukio; Kawazawa, T.; Namihira, Y.; Akiba, S.

doi:10.1364/oaa.1992.pd11

Cited by 34 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Assuming small-amplitude solutions u 0 ϭ ⑀u (0) and scaling the parameters as k ϭ k (0) ϩ ⑀ 2 k (2) , ϭ ⑀ (1) , c ϭ ⑀c (1) , and K ϭ K (0) ϩ ⑀ 2 K (2) , one can obtain the values for the parameters of the SW near the bifurcation point. Specifically, to the zeroth order, the value of the wave number k (0) at that point is…”

Section: Model and The Shock-wave Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) and (3) at the bifurcation point. Proceeding to the next order, it can be easily shown that the values of u (1) , c (1) , and (1) are related exactly as in Eqs. (9) and (10), and the correction in the wave number is given by…”

Section: Model and The Shock-wave Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experiments performed as early as 1994 have demonstrated the potential of such a system, operating in the nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) format for transoceanic optical communications. [1][2][3] Therefore the goal of achieving speed rates of 100 Gbits/s and over for distances exceeding 9000 km (transpacific order of magnitude) had been set as early as in the mid 1990s. Thus in the fall of 1996 the TPC-5CN, a 25 000-km transpacific optical cable loop linking Japan, Guam, Hawaii, and the United States was installed, operating at 5 Gbits/s per fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ϫ i ͪ u tt ϩ ͉u͉ 2 u Ϫ iu ϭ 0, (1) where z and t are the propagation distance and the socalled reduced time, and D is the dispersion coefficient. The SPM coefficient, excessive gain, and the effective filtering strength are all normalized to be unity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Complex-cubic Ginzburg–Landau equation-based model for erbium-doped fiber-amplifier-supported nonreturn-to-zero communications

Efremidis

Hizanidis

2002

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The propagation of nonreturn-to-zero pulses, composed by a superposition of two exact shock-wave solutions of a complex-cubic Ginzburg-Landau equation linearly coupled to a linear nondispersive equation, is studied in detail. The model describes the distributed (average) propagation in a dual-core erbium-doped fiberamplifier-supported optical-fiber system where stabilization is achieved by means of short segments of an extra lossy core that is parallel and coupled to the main one. The linear-stability analysis of the two asymptotic states of the shock wave in combination with direct numerical simulations provide necessary conditions for optimal propagation of the nonreturn-to-zero pulse. The enhancement of the propagation distance by at least an order of magnitude, under a suitable choice of the parameters, establishes the beneficial role of the passive channel.

show abstract

Section: Model and The Shock-wave Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model and The Shock-wave Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Complex-cubic Ginzburg–Landau equation-based model for erbium-doped fiber-amplifier-supported nonreturn-to-zero communications

Efremidis

Hizanidis

2002

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Optical Amplifiers

Willner

1999

Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sections in this article are Historical Perspective Basic Concepts Photoabsorption and Photoemission SNR Background in Generic Optical Systems Amplifier Gain and Noise Semiconductor Amplifiers Erbium‐doped Fiber Amplifiers Multiple‐Wavelength Systems Applications to Solitons Future Trends

show abstract

Design and performance of the fsa submarine optical amplifier system

Murakami

Takahashi

Aoyama

et al. 1996

Electron. Comm. Jpn. Pt. I

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The FSA submarine optical amplifier system (submarine fiber using optical amplifiers) has been developed. It can transmit signals up to 10 Gbit/s with a repeater spacing of 100 km. The submarine repeaters contain optical amplifiers for six line pairs to yield a maximum capacity of 60 Gbit/s. This paper describes its system configuration, the repeater configuration, and the fiber dispersion management scheme used to realize bit-rate flexible transmission and in-service monitoring.In long-haul optical amplifier systems, since the amplified spontaneous emission noise from the optical amplifier is the main impairment limiting the transmission distance, an S N R design technique that takes this noise into account is developed. Finally, the results obtained after the commercial installation of this system in the Kagoshima-Okinawa route (total length 905 km) are reported, including chromatic dispersion characteristics and S N R values at both 2.5 Gbit/s and 10 Cbit/s transmission. The effectiveness of the system design is verified through the demonstration of good transmission performance and the feasibility of in-service monitoring.

show abstract

9000 km, 5 Gb/s NRZ Transmission Experiment Using 274 Erbium-Doped Fiber-Amplifiers

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Complex-cubic Ginzburg–Landau equation-based model for erbium-doped fiber-amplifier-supported nonreturn-to-zero communications

Complex-cubic Ginzburg–Landau equation-based model for erbium-doped fiber-amplifier-supported nonreturn-to-zero communications

Optical Amplifiers

Design and performance of the fsa submarine optical amplifier system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About