9-?-L(+) Adenosine: A new naturally occurring plant growth substance elicited by triacontanol in rice

Ries, S. K.; Wert, Violet; O’Leary, Nora F.; Nair, Muraleedharan G.

doi:10.1007/bf00045289

Cited by 33 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The adenosine from TRIAtreated plants was identical to the adenosine obtained from control plants as determined by melting point, IR and MS, and from proton and carbon NMR analysis (Ries et al 1990). However, only the pure adenosine obtained from TRIA-treated plants could stimulate the plant growth.…”

Section: Tria Elicits L( )-Adenosinementioning

confidence: 75%

“…TRIM has been identified as 9-b-l (')-adenosine (9H-purin-6-amine, 9-b-L-ribofuranosyl) as depicted in Figure 2. TRIA enhanced the formation or release of L(')-adenosine in the root tissue of rice seedlings within one min of TRIA application to the shoots, which might have elucidated the first step in the mode of TRIA action (Ries et al 1990). It is already reported that TRIA rapidly increases the ratio of l(')-adenosine to d(Á)-adenosine, probably at the tonoplast (Ries 1991).…”

Section: Mode Of Tria Actionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The elicitation of the second messenger of TRIA (L(')-adenosine) in the roots within 1 min after TRIA application to the foliage is also difficult to explain based on our current knowledge of translocation of substances and enzyme kinetics. The L(')-adenosine had the same effect on plants as TRIA, and apparently it did not elicit any other chemical compound which stimulated the plant growth (Ries et al 1990(Ries et al , 1993.…”

Section: Tria Elicits L( )-Adenosinementioning

confidence: 89%

“…Adenosine (abbreviated as TRIM) was found to be a naturally occurring plant growth substance elicited by TRIA (Ries et al 1990). The adenosine from TRIAtreated plants was identical to the adenosine obtained from control plants as determined by melting point, IR and MS, and from proton and carbon NMR analysis (Ries et al 1990).…”

Section: Tria Elicits L( )-Adenosinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In greenhouse studies, foliar applications of 1.0Á100 mg L Á1 of L(')-adenosine increased the growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ), maize (Zea mays L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), and carrot (Daucus carota L.) (Ries et al 1990). Further, in controlled environment studies, Eriksen et al (1982) noticed a TRIA-mediated increase in the dry weight of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) seedlings; but, such a dry weight increase was not observed in maize seedlings.…”

Section: Growth Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Triacontanol: a potent plant growth regulator in agriculture

Naeem

Khan

Moinuddin

2012

Journal of Plant Interactions

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Triacontanol (TRIA) is a natural plant growth regulator found in epicuticular waxes. It is used to enhance the crop production in millions of hectares, particularly in Asia. Quite a number of researchers have reported the TRIA-mediated improvement in growth, yield, photosynthesis, protein synthesis, uptake of water and nutrients, nitrogen-fixation, enzymes activities and contents of free amino acids, reducing sugars, soluble protein, and active constituents of essential oil in various crops. Expectedly, TRIA enhances the physiological efficiency of the cells and, thus, exploits the genetic potential of plant to a large extent. In fact, TRIA increased free amino acids, reducing sugars, and soluble protein of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) within 5 min. TRIA elicited the appearance of L(')-adenosine within 1 min in the roots of plants, the shoots of which were sprayed with nanomolar concentrations of TRIA. TRIA and octacosanol (OCTA), the primary alcohols, are ubiquitous in the environment. OCTA was reported to inhibit the activity of TRIA in the seedlings of rice (Oryza sativa L.) at equimolar concentrations; and both TRIA and OCTA elicited a second messenger, known as OCTAM and triacontanol second messenger (TRIM), respectively. TRIA rapidly increases the ratio of L(')-to D(Á)-adenosine, probably at the tonoplast. However, it is to be resolved as to how TRIA elicits L(')-adenosine and what is the source of L(')-adenosine in plants. Based on known metabolic processes, de novo synthesis of L(')-adenosine is unlikely, because of the rapidity of the response. TRIA-mediated increase in dry matter production could influence the inter-relationship between primary and secondary metabolism, leading to increased biosynthesis of secondary products. Various studies present strong evidences that application of TRIA applied either to the root medium or to leaves enhanced the growth and yield of vegetables and other crops, including agronomic and horticultural crops as well as medicinal and aromatic crop plants under normal and adverse conditions. However, further investigations are required to elucidate the possible role of TRIA on plant growth regulation, physiological activities and secondary metabolite biosynthesis regarding medicinal and aromatic plants subjected to abiotic stress. The present review covers the pivotal role of TRIA in plant growth and development, its mode of action and its significance in improving the crop productivity and quality of agricultural crops.

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Section: Tria Elicits L( )-Adenosinementioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Mode Of Tria Actionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Tria Elicits L( )-Adenosinementioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Tria Elicits L( )-Adenosinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Growth Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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