9. Information-processing anomalies in the early course of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Neuchterlein, Keith H.; Dawson, Michael E.; Ventura, Joseph; Miklowitz, David J.; Konishi, Gail

doi:10.1016/0920-9964(91)90069-4

Cited by 55 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…where Y is the standardised ordinate (0.3989*e) to the power of (−5*Z 2 ) (Neuchterlein et al 1991). This represents the amount of perceptual evidence required to decide that a stimulus is a target, and is used to detect a disorder of judgmental systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation of acute and chronic intermittent phencyclidine-induced performance deficits in the 5-choice serial reaction time task: influence of clozapine

et al. 2010

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Acute NMDA receptor antagonism impairs inhibitory control, whereas repeated treatment produces delayed deficits in cognitive processing speed. The ability of clozapine partially to restore persistent PCP-induced deficits in processing speed and in lnBeta is consistent with clinical findings. This suggests that the enduring effects of repeated PCP treatment, combined with SDA, offers a useful, translational, approach to evaluate novel cognitive enhancers in the 5-CSRTT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation of acute and chronic intermittent phencyclidine-induced performance deficits in the 5-choice serial reaction time task: influence of clozapine

et al. 2010

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“…Various procedures for assessing attention have identified impairments in sustained attention (Neuchterlein and Dawson, 1984;Neuchterlein et al, 1991) and slowed post-perceptual processing (Braff and Saccuzzo, 1982) among people with schizophrenia. In general, clinical findings suggest that people with schizophrenia show impairments in selective attention (the ability to selectively attend to relevant information while ignoring distractors), sustained attention (the ability to sustain concentration in continuous effortdemanding situations), and reaction time, including the ability to maintain the speed of perceptual and cognitive processing (Mirsky et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Meta-Analysis of Cognitive Deficits in Adults with a Diagnosis of Schizophrenia

et al. 2005

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This review identified 1275 studies examining cognitive deficits in people with schizophrenia, published between 1990 and 2003. Data from 113 studies (4365 patients and 3429 controls) were combined in a meta-analysis carried out on the five cognitive domains of IQ, memory, language, executive function, and attention. Studies were excluded where they lacked a suitable control group or failed to present complete information. In all five cognitive domains, analysis indicated a consistent trend for patients to perform more poorly than healthy controls, with significant heterogeneity across studies. Sources of heterogeneity were analyzed and a need to ensure more appropriate composition of patient and control groups and to adopt a more refined and methodologically correct, hypothesis-driven approach was identified.

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“…For example, Nuechterlein, Dawson, Ventura, Miklowitz, and Konishi (1991) found that patients with schizophrenia performed worse than patients with bipolar disorder on a degraded version of the CPT. Park and Holzman (1992) found that patients with schizophrenia performed worse than bipolar patients on both occulomotor and haptic versions of a working memory task.…”

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confidence: 99%

Context-processing deficits in schizophrenia: Converging evidence from three theoretically motivated cognitive tasks.

Cohen¹,

Barch²,

Carter³

et al. 1999

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

591

570

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Previous research on schizophrenia suggests that context-processing disturbances are one of the core cognitive deficits present in schizophrenia. However, it is not clear whether such deficits are specific to schizophrenia as compared with other psychotic disorders. To address this question, the authors administered a version of the AX Continuous Performance Test designed to assess context processing in a sample of healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia, and patients with other psychotic disorders. Participants were tested at index (when medication naive and experiencing their first contact with psychiatric services) and 4 weeks later, following medication treatment. At index, patients with schizophrenia and the psychotic comparison group demonstrated similar impairments in context processing. However, context-processing deficits improved in the psychotic comparison group at 4 weeks but did not improve in patients with schizophrenia.

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9. Information-processing anomalies in the early course of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Cited by 55 publications

References 7 publications

Dissociation of acute and chronic intermittent phencyclidine-induced performance deficits in the 5-choice serial reaction time task: influence of clozapine

Dissociation of acute and chronic intermittent phencyclidine-induced performance deficits in the 5-choice serial reaction time task: influence of clozapine

A Meta-Analysis of Cognitive Deficits in Adults with a Diagnosis of Schizophrenia

Context-processing deficits in schizophrenia: Converging evidence from three theoretically motivated cognitive tasks.

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