9-cis β-carotene Inhibits Atherosclerosis Development in Female LDLR-/- Mice

Relevy, Noa Zolberg; Rühl, Ralph; Harari, Ayelet; Grosskopf, Itamar; Barshack, Iris; Ben‐Amotz, Ami; Nir, Uri; Gottlieb, Hugo E.; Kamari, Yehuda; Harats, Dror; Shaish, Aviv

doi:10.31989/ffhd.v5i2.172

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…These cis-isomers are present in minor amounts in the raw food matrix (116)(117)(118) and isomer concentration may increase also due to food processing including simple heat based cooking (29) . It may further be induced in the human organism by various processes (119)(120)(121) , where cis-isomers seem to be preferred v. all-trans-isomers. Whether this accumulation is due to favourable biophysical properties or by targeted and preferred uptake of cis-isomers is currently not known.…”

Section: Liver Metabolism and Blood Transport Of β-Carotene And Its Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Carotene in the human body: metabolic bioactivation pathways – from digestion to tissue distribution and excretion

et al. 2019

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5Paprika Bioanalytics BT, Debrecen, Hungary β-Carotene intake and tissue/blood concentrations have been associated with reduced incidence of several chronic diseases. Further bioactive carotenoid-metabolites can modulate the expression of specific genes mainly via the nuclear hormone receptors: retinoic acid receptor-and retinoid X receptor-mediated signalling. To better understand the metabolic conversion of β-carotene, inter-individual differences regarding β-carotene bioavailability and bioactivity are key steps that determine its further metabolism and bioactivation and mediated signalling. Major carotenoid metabolites, the retinoids, can be stored as esters or further oxidised and excreted via phase 2 metabolism pathways. In this review, we aim to highlight the major critical control points that determine the fate of β-carotene in the human body, with a special emphasis on β-carotene oxygenase 1. The hypothesis that higher dietary β-carotene intake and serum level results in higher β-carotene-mediated signalling is partly questioned. Alternative autoregulatory mechanisms in β-carotene / retinoid-mediated signalling are highlighted to better predict and optimise nutritional strategies involving βcarotene-related health beneficial mediated effects.

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Section: Liver Metabolism and Blood Transport Of β-Carotene And Its Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Carotene in the human body: metabolic bioactivation pathways – from digestion to tissue distribution and excretion

et al. 2019

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“…The degree of antioxidant capacity varied among Z -isomers, e.g., that of lutein isomers was higher in the order of 13 Z -isomer > 9 Z -isomer > all- E -isomer with the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay [62]. Carotenoid Z -isomers are likely to be superior to the all- E -isomers in preventative effects on atherosclerosis, cancer, and inflammatory [71,72,73,74,75,76]. For example, (9 Z )-β-carotene contained in the microalgae Dunaliella sp.…”

Section: Effect Of Z-isomerization On Bioavailability and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, (9 Z )-β-carotene contained in the microalgae Dunaliella sp. showed higher antiatherogenic [71] and antiatherosclerotic [72,73] activities than the all- E -isomer in mouse experiments. (9 Z )-Canthaxanthin isolated from Dietzia sp.…”

Section: Effect Of Z-isomerization On Bioavailability and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Carotenoid Processing with Sustainable Solvents Utilizing Z-Isomerization-Induced Alteration in Physicochemical Properties: A Review and Future Directions

et al. 2019

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Carotenoids—natural fat-soluble pigments—have attracted considerable attention because of their potential to prevent of various diseases, such as cancer and arteriosclerosis, and their strong antioxidant capacity. They have many geometric isomers due to the presence of numerous conjugated double bonds in the molecule. However, in plants, most carotenoids are present in the all-E-configuration. (all-E)-Carotenoids are characterized by high crystallinity as well as low solubility in safe and sustainable solvents, such as ethanol and supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2). Thus, these properties result in the decreased efficiency of carotenoid processing, such as extraction and emulsification, using such sustainable solvents. On the other hand, Z-isomerization of carotenoids induces alteration in physicochemical properties, i.e., the solubility of carotenoids dramatically improves and they change from a “crystalline state” to an “oily (amorphous) state”. For example, the solubility in ethanol of lycopene Z-isomers is more than 4000 times higher than the all-E-isomer. Recently, improvement of carotenoid processing efficiency utilizing these changes has attracted attention. Namely, it is possible to markedly improve carotenoid processing using safe and sustainable solvents, which had previously been difficult to put into practical use due to the low efficiency. The objective of this paper is to review the effect of Z-isomerization on the physicochemical properties of carotenoids and its application to carotenoid processing, such as extraction, micronization, and emulsification, using sustainable solvents. Moreover, aspects of Z-isomerization methods for carotenoids and functional difference, such as bioavailability and antioxidant capacity, between isomers are also included in this review.

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“…Moreover, as additional "positive" effects of β-carotene Z-isomers, it has been reported that the 9Z-isomer has higher antiatherogenic activity [58] and antiatherosclerotic activity [59,60] than the all-E-isomer. On the other hand, there are other "negative" effects.…”

Section: β-Carotenementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Z-Isomerization on the Bioavailability and Functionality of Carotenoids: A Review

Honda¹,

Maeda²,

Fukaya³

et al. 2018

Progress in Carotenoid Research

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Carotenoids, the most common fat-soluble plant pigments in nature, are beneficial to human health due to their strong antioxidant activities and abilities to prevent various diseases. Carotenoids have many geometrical isomers forms caused by E/Zisomerization at arbitrary sites within the multiple conjugated double bonds. Several studies have addressed that the bioavailability as well as the antioxidant, anticancer, and antiatherosclerotic activities of carotenoids varies among the isomers. In addition, those variations differ among carotenoids: Z-isomerization resulted in "positive" or "negative" effect for carotenoids bioavailability and functionality, for example, Z-isomers of lycopene are more bioavailable than the all-E-isomer, whereas the opposite is observed for β-carotene. Thus, to efficiently promote the beneficial effects of carotenoids by ingestion, it is important to have a good understanding of the impact of E/Z-isomerization on the corresponding functional changes. The objective of this contribution is to review the effects of carotenoid Z-isomerization on bioavailability and functionality and describe their differences among carotenoids.

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9-cis β-carotene Inhibits Atherosclerosis Development in Female LDLR-/- Mice

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

β-Carotene in the human body: metabolic bioactivation pathways – from digestion to tissue distribution and excretion

β-Carotene in the human body: metabolic bioactivation pathways – from digestion to tissue distribution and excretion

Improved Carotenoid Processing with Sustainable Solvents Utilizing Z-Isomerization-Induced Alteration in Physicochemical Properties: A Review and Future Directions

Effects of Z-Isomerization on the Bioavailability and Functionality of Carotenoids: A Review

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