9.4T and 17.6T MRI of Retinoblastoma: Ex Vivo evaluation of microstructural anatomy and disease extent compared with histopathology

Jong, Marcus C. de; Graaf, Pim de; Pouwels, Petra J. W.; Beenakker, Jan-Willem M.; Jansen, Robin W.; Geurts, Jeroen J. G.; Moll, Annette C.; Castelijns, Jonas A.; Valk, Paul van der; Weerd, Louise van der

doi:10.1002/jmri.25913

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Ultrahigh-field MRI of retinoblastoma samples performed ex vivo at 9.4T and 17.6T have been capable of detecting small morphological details, such as patterns of tumor tissue, vessels, and areas of necrosis, which correlated well with histopathological findings in the same sample. These observations demonstrate the potential of MRI for more accurate tumor staging at higher magnetic field strengths 36 (Fig. 3b).…”

Section: Applicationssupporting

confidence: 55%

Role of Structural, Metabolic, and Functional MRI in Monitoring Visual System Impairment and Recovery

Sims

Chen

Sun

et al. 2020

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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T HE VISUAL SYSTEM includes both ocular and neuroanatomy. Recent research has suggested that many visual impairments affect the entire visual system. In addition, their severity cannot be predicted solely via ocular imaging or brain imaging alone. [1][2][3] This suggests the need for a more in-depth understanding of pathogenesis at a systematic level, rather than individual anatomic structures alone. Whereas other imaging modalities are often limited to specific uses in evaluating single aspects of visual impairment in an anatomical structure, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be employed to assess structure, metabolism, and function throughout the visual pathways. Here, we briefly introduce the key anatomical components of the visual system, as well as relevant MRI techniques in examining the pathology and recovery of these tissues. We then detail specific imaging considerations and a selection of recent clinical applications for MRI in each of the major anatomic regions, along with new developments that are being actively explored. Specific MRI parameters for several studies in each anatomic region can be found in Table 1.

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Section: Applicationssupporting

confidence: 55%

Role of Structural, Metabolic, and Functional MRI in Monitoring Visual System Impairment and Recovery

Sims

Chen

Sun

et al. 2020

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…The mean tumor diameter associated with PLONI and choroid invasion in our study was 19 and 18 mm (p = .002 and .007) respectively. In their studies, De Jong M. and colleagues [6,11] reported that there is a statistically significant correlation between PLONI/choroidal invasion and the intraocular tumor size in patients with retinoblastoma (tumor volume in mm 3 and tumor diameter in mm). Mean tumor volume and diameter with PLONI were 1.70 cm 3 and 18 mm respectively (p ≤ .0001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular pediatric tumor with a high cure rate, yet of major local morbidity following enucleation due to vision loss. Recently, combined chemotherapy (systemic chemo-reduction, intraarterial, intravitreal, periocular) and focal therapies (laser photocoagulation, plaque radiotherapy, cryotherapy) have achieved high rates of local tumor control and eye preservation even in advanced-stage retinoblastoma (group D or E of the international intraocular classification of retinoblastoma) where enucleation is avoided in some cases in favor of intra-arterial and intravitreal chemotherapy [11]. It [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several studies have reported the diagnostic accuracy of MRI in detecting intraocular tumor extent and metastasis [3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], our study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of 3 T ocular MRI, diagnostic role of DWIs, sensitivity, and specificity of different tumor diameter cut off values of postlaminar optic nerve invasion (PLONI) and ocular coat invasion as well as the relationship of the abnormal anterior eye segment enhancement in MRI examinations of retinoblastoma and different MRI and histopathological findings which, to our knowledge, are grouped in few studies. This prospective study aims to evaluate the preoperative MR imaging diagnostic value in pathologically proved retinoblastoma patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Resolution MR Imaging guidelines in retinoblastoma: prospective study correlated with histopathological results

Habib

Youssef

AlKiki

et al. 2020

Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med

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Background: Retinoblastoma is the commonest intraocular pediatric neoplasm. With the recent scope of shifting to eye preserving therapies, preoperative MRI is becoming the primary noninvasive diagnostic method to confirm the diagnosis, assess the ocular coats and optic nerve, and detect extraocular tumor extension and intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor associated with retinoblastoma as funduscopy and ultrasound have limitations. Diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) detect abnormalities based on differences in tissue cellularity. Echoplanar-based (EP) DWI results in susceptibility artifacts and geometric distortions, which make DWI of the orbit a challenging technique. The purpose of our study is to evaluate preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging diagnostic merits and indices in patients with retinoblastoma. Results: Fifty-eight eyes were prospectively reviewed in 30 girls and 27 boys (mean age at diagnosis was 23 months ± 18.9) with retinoblastoma by two radiologists on T1-weighted images, fat saturated T2-weighted images, DWIs, ADC, and postcontrast T1-weighted MR images with and without fat suppression. All patients included were primarily treated by surgical enucleation; one girl had bilateral enucleation. MRI shows accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV; 86.2%, 95.3%, 60%, 81.8%, and 87.2% respectively for choroidal invasion; 75.8%, 58.8%, 82.9%, 83%, and 58.8% in prelaminar optic nerve invasion; and 86.2%, 85.2%, 87%, 87%, and 85% in postlaminar optic nerve invasion (PLONI) respectively. For sclera and extrascleral tumor invasion, MRI show accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV of 93%, 55.6%, 100%, 92.5%, 100%, and 98.3%, 100%, 98%,100%, 80% respectively. On DWIs, the vital solid tumor shows hyperintense signal compared to the vitreous. The difference between the mean ADC value of the solid enhancing tumor (0.3[0.12-0.8] × 10 −3 s/mm 2) and nonenhancing necrotic parts (1.4[1.0-1.8] × 10 −3 s/mm 2) was statistically significant (p < 0.001). No correlation was found between the ADC values and high risk features for metastasis. Abnormal anterior chamber enhancement shows no statistically significant correlation with main MRI and histopathology findings. Maximum tumor diameter in mm show statistically significant correlation with postlaminar optic nerve invasion (ρ = .002) and choroidal invasion (ρ = .007). Sensitivity and specificity of different tumor size cutoff values are calculated using the ROC analysis. Conclusion: High-resolution ocular MR imaging can reliably detect postlaminar optic nerve invasion, choroid, and extrascleral invasion; meanwhile, it shows low sensitivity in prelaminar optic nerve, ciliary body, and sclera invasion. Significantly lower ADC values in viable tumor than necrotic parts are recorded.

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“…During the past decades, some studies have been carried out comparing an irradiated with a nonirradiated control group in order to differentiate the effects of radiotherapy from spontaneous degenerative changes, including necrosis, in uveal melanomas [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]; nevertheless, this topic has been investigated from the histopathological point of view, and a radiologic-pathologic correlation was not performed. Only in the last few years de Jong et al and Ferreira et al correlated MR findings with histopathology in retinoblastomas and uveal melanomas respectively [ 40 , 41 ]. However, in regard to both spontaneous and radiation-induced necrosis, some aspects are not yet fully understood, either in terms of pathogenetic mechanism or radiologic imaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathologic and MR Imaging Appearance of Spontaneous and Radiation-Induced Necrosis in Uveal Melanomas: Initial Results

Foti

Inì

Broggi

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Necrosis in uveal melanomas can be spontaneous or induced by radiotherapy. The purpose of our study was to compare the histopathologic and MRI findings of radiation-induced necrosis of a group of proton beam-irradiated uveal melanomas with those of spontaneous necrosis of a control group of patients undergoing primary enucleation. 11 uveal melanomas who had undergone proton beam radiotherapy, MRI and secondary enucleation, and a control group of 15 untreated uveal melanomas who had undergone MRI and primary enucleation were retrospectively identified. Within the irradiated and nonirradiated group, 7 and 6 eyes with histological evidence of necrosis respectively, were furtherly selected for the final analysis; the appearance of necrosis was assessed at histopathologic examination and MRI. Irradiated melanomas showed a higher degree of necrosis as compared with nonirradiated tumors. Irradiated and nonirradiated lesions differed based on the appearance and distribution of necrosis. Irradiated tumors showed large necrotic foci, sharply demarcated from the viable neoplastic tissue; nonirradiated tumors demonstrated small, distinct foci of necrosis. Radiation-induced necrosis, more pigmented than surrounding viable tumor, displayed high signal intensity on T1-weighted and low signal intensity on T2-weighted images. The hemorrhagic/coagulative necrosis, more prevalent in nonirradiated tumors (4 out of 6 vs. 1 out of 7 cases), appeared hyperintense on T2-weighted and hypointense on T1-weighted images. Our study boosts the capability to recognize radiation-induced alterations in uveal melanomas at MRI and may improve the accuracy of radiologists in the evaluation of follow-up MR examination after radiotherapy.

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9.4T and 17.6T MRI of Retinoblastoma: Ex Vivo evaluation of microstructural anatomy and disease extent compared with histopathology

Abstract: 4 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1487-1497.

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

Role of Structural, Metabolic, and Functional MRI in Monitoring Visual System Impairment and Recovery

Role of Structural, Metabolic, and Functional MRI in Monitoring Visual System Impairment and Recovery

High Resolution MR Imaging guidelines in retinoblastoma: prospective study correlated with histopathological results

Histopathologic and MR Imaging Appearance of Spontaneous and Radiation-Induced Necrosis in Uveal Melanomas: Initial Results

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