9.11 Wood in Fluvial Systems

Gurnell, Angela M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374739-6.00236-0

Cited by 64 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…Most of the wood jams observed in the flumes are very similar to wood jams and associated landforms observed in the field (for a recent review see Gurnell, 2013). …”

Section: Wood Jam Types and Landformsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…The importance of vegetation and wood for river morphology has been recognized only quite recently (for reviews see Gurnell, 2013Gurnell, , 2014. Initially, this recognition developed from field observations, but over the last two decades vegetation has increasingly been incorporated into numerical models (Camporeale et al, 2013, Ruiz Villanueva et al, 2014 and some physical modelling has also started to investigate how wood and plants interact with fluvial processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical modelling of the combined effect of vegetation and wood on river morphology

et al. 2015

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The research reported in this paper employs flume experiments to investigate the potential effects of living vegetation and large wood on river morphology, specifically aiming to explore how different wood input and vegetation scenarios impact channel patterns and dynamics.We used a mobile bed laboratory flume, divided into three parallel channels (1.7 m wide, 10 m long) filled with uniform sand to reproduce braided networks subject to a series of cycles of flooding, wood input, and vegetation growth. Temporal evolution of river configuration (in terms of the braiding index), vegetation establishment and erosion, and wood deposition amount and pattern was recorded in a series of vertical images. The experiments reproduced many forms and processes that have been observed in the field, from scattered logs in unvegetated, dynamic braided channels, to large wood jams associated with river bars and bends in vegetated, stable, single thread rivers. Results showed that the inclusion of vegetation in the experiments changes wood dynamics, in terms of both the quantity that is stored and the depositional patterns that develop. Vegetated banks increased channel stability, reducing lateral erosion and the number of active channels. This promoted the formation of stable wood jams, where logs accumulated continuously at the same locations during subsequent floods, reinforcing their effect on river morphology. The feasibility of studying these processes in a controlled environment opens new possibilities for disentangling the complex linkages in the biogeomorphological evolution of the fluvial system and thus for promoting improved scientific understanding.

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“…Most of the wood jams observed in the flumes are very similar to wood jams and associated landforms observed in the field (for a recent review see Gurnell, 2013). …”

Section: Wood Jam Types and Landformsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical modelling of the combined effect of vegetation and wood on river morphology

et al. 2015

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“…Physical modelling under steady flow conditions revealed that log travel distance depends on the wood size and density, water depth and velocity, and the channel bed roughness (Braudrick and Grant, 2001;Haga et al, 2002). Additionally, field observations suggest that relatively small and loose wood pieces are easier to move than buried logs and/or pieces that are longer than the bankfull width (Gurnell, 2013). Moreover, mobile small pieces of wood have been observed as being trapped by large wood pieces (Seo and Nakamura, 2009;Welber et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remarkable geomorphic effects of living plants in river systems (Gurnell, 2013) continue even after their erosion from the hillslopes and banks and transportation within the fluvial network. Dead or living pieces of wood can exert a tremendous influence on river erosion and sedimentation processes (e.g., Jeffries et al, 2003), channel morphology (e.g., Abbe and Montgomery, 2003), and channel hydraulics (e.g., Wallerstein et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking log displacement during floods in the Tagliamento River using RFID and GPS tracker devices

Ravazzolo¹,

Mao²,

Picco³

et al. 2015

Geomorphology

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Large pieces of in-channel wood can exert an important role on the ecological and morphological properties of gravel-bed rivers. On the other side, when transported during flood events, large wood can become a source of risk for sensitive structures such as bridges. However, wood displacement and velocity in river systems are still poorly understood, especially in large gravel-bed rivers. This study focuses on log transport in a valley reach of Tagliamento River (Italy). Log displacement during flood events of different magnitude recorded from June 2010 to October 2011 have been analysed thanks to the installation of 113 radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and 42 GPS tracker devices in logs of different dimensions. Recovery rate of logs equipped with RFID and GPS trackers was about 43% and 42%, respectively. The GPS devices allowed us to analyse in details the log displacement and transport overtime, indicating a higher log entrainment during rising limb of hydrographs. The threshold for the entrainment of logs from low bars is around 40% of bankfull water stage. No clear relationship was found between the peak of flood and log displacement length and velocity. However, log displacement length and velocity appears significantly correlated to the ratio between the peak of flow and the water stage exceeding the flow duration curve for 25% of *Revised manuscript with no changes marked Click here to view linked References

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“…Large wood is widely recognised as a positive element of a river system as they increase its ecological properties and functions (Gurnell, 2013). On the other hand, it represents a source of potential risk for humans when transported during high-magnitude flood events (Lucia et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief communication: The curious case of the large wood-laden flow event in the Pocuro stream (Chile)

Ravazzolo

Mao

Mazzorana

et al. 2017

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Large wood transported during extreme flood events can represent a relevant additional source of hazards that should be taken into account in mountain environments. However, direct observations and monitoring of large-wood transport during floods are difficult and scarce. Here we present a video of a flood characterised by multiple phases of large-wood transport, including an initial phase of wood-laden flow rarely described in the literature. Estimations of flow velocity and transported wood volume provide a good opportunity to develop models of large-woodcongested transport.

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9.11 Wood in Fluvial Systems

Cited by 64 publications

References 185 publications

Physical modelling of the combined effect of vegetation and wood on river morphology

Physical modelling of the combined effect of vegetation and wood on river morphology

Tracking log displacement during floods in the Tagliamento River using RFID and GPS tracker devices

Brief communication: The curious case of the large wood-laden flow event in the Pocuro stream (Chile)

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