89 Burden of Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol: 2018 Revised Measurement of Cost

Stade, Brenda; Barco, Ancilla; Caccamo, Brett; Lewis, Kirsten; Zefkic, Victoria

doi:10.1093/pch/pxz066.088

Cited by 20 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…The lifetime additional costs of recognized FASD due to health care, educational accommodation, lost productivity, and judicial/corrections involvement, per individual and for societies, are difficult to estimate but are considerable, ranging from hundreds of millions to billions US$ (Popova et al., ; Stade et al., ). According to one estimate, more than $4 billion is spent annually on FASD, and beyond the healthcare and judicial expenditures, there are also significant emotional, personal, familial, and wider social costs (Stade et al., , ). Given these high costs, the need to invest in effective prevention efforts, including enhanced screening of alcohol drinking during pregnancy, is clear (Smith et al., ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Prenatal Alcohol Screening During Pregnancy by Midwives and Nurses

Chiodo

Cosmian

Pereira

et al. 2019

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background Alcohol use during pregnancy can have a variety of harmful consequences on the fetus. Lifelong effects include growth restriction, characteristic facial anomalies, and neurobehavioral dysfunction. This range of effects is known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). There is no amount, pattern, or timing of alcohol use during pregnancy proven safe for a developing embryo or fetus. Therefore, it is important to screen patients for alcohol use, inform them about alcohol's potential effects during pregnancy, encourage abstinence, and refer for intervention if necessary. However, how and how often nurses and midwives inquire about alcohol drinking during pregnancy or use recommended screening tools and barriers they perceive to alcohol screening has not been well established. Methods This survey was sent to about 6,000 American midwives, nurse practitioners, and nurses who provide prenatal care about their knowledge of the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure, the prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy, and practices for screening patients’ alcohol use. Participants were recruited by e‐mail from the entire membership roster of the American College of Nurse‐Midwives. Results There were 578 valid surveys returned (about 9.6%). Analyses showed that 37.7% of the respondents believe drinking alcohol is safe during at least one trimester of pregnancy. Only 35.2% of respondents reported screening to assess patient alcohol use. Only 23.3% reported using a specific screening tool, and few of those were validated screens recommended for use in pregnant women. Respondents who believe alcohol is safe at some point in pregnancy were significantly less likely to screen their patients. Conclusions Respondents who reported that pregnancy alcohol use is unsafe felt more prepared to educate and intervene with patients regarding alcohol use during pregnancy and FASD than respondents who reported drinking in pregnancy was safe. Perceived alcohol safety and perceived barriers to screening appeared to influence screening practices. Improving prenatal care provider knowledge about the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and the availability of valid alcohol screening tools will improve detection of drinking during pregnancy, provide more opportunities for meaningful intervention, and ultimately reduce the incidence of FASD.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Alcohol Screening During Pregnancy by Midwives and Nurses

Chiodo

Cosmian

Pereira

et al. 2019

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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show abstract

“…For all subsequent years, a cost of $4,346 per year was applied to the diagnosed FASD population based on the work of Stade et al, (2006). This cost included doctor visits, hospitalizations, emergency department visits, medications, diagnostic testing, and medical devices [33].…”

Section: Diagnosed Fasdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients without FASD were assumed to use healthcare resources at a rate of $3,101/year. This value was calculated using the same method as the cost for undiagnosed FASD [33,34].…”

Section: No Fasdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To approximate the annual cost of health service use by patients with FASD diagnoses, this study relies on the work ofStade et al, (2006), who report societal costs for a group of patients of average age 12.9 years with FASD diagnoses[33].For the first year of life, Stade et al, (2006) report a cost of $20,265 for health services spending. These costs reflect health service utilization related to managing early life medical complications associated with FASD such as low birth weight or prematurity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Cost-effectiveness of screening tools used in the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A modeled analysis

Berrigan

Andrew

Reynolds

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…These dollar figures are reported in the year of the study and are much higher when inflation adjusted: USD $1.29 billion to $10.1 billion. Annual estimates for nation‐wide costs of FASD for Canada do not include productivity losses from care‐givers, but still suggest a massive burden to society, estimated at CAD $1.8–9.7 billion . These dollar figures are also higher when inflation‐adjusted: CAD $1.9–10.5 billion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a systematic review of the cost of and savings from prevention in the United States and Canada

et al. 2019

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Background and aims Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a preventable condition that imposes a significant financial burden on societies. Funding of FASD prevention is a small portion of the total expenditures associated with FASD. This paper aimed to review the literature on the costs of and savings from prevention of FASD and present a model for the United States and Canada of projected savings based on expansion of existing evidence‐based prevention models. Methods A systematic review of published literature on the cost of FASD prevention was conducted and experts in the field were interviewed. Studies that reported the cost of primary prevention of FASD were eligible for further consideration. Results Applying evidenced‐based prevention programs to women at highest risk to have a future child with FASD greatly reduces the cost of prevention. In the United States, one case of FASD can be prevented for as little as USD $20 200 – 47 615. Cost of prevention is considerably less expensive than cost of care for a case of FASD. Conclusion Expansion of risk‐based prevention strategies for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in the United States and Canada would be an economically efficient and worthwhile investment for society.

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89 Burden of Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol: 2018 Revised Measurement of Cost

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Prenatal Alcohol Screening During Pregnancy by Midwives and Nurses

Prenatal Alcohol Screening During Pregnancy by Midwives and Nurses

The Cost-effectiveness of screening tools used in the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A modeled analysis

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a systematic review of the cost of and savings from prevention in the United States and Canada

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