8-Lump kinetic model for fluid catalytic cracking with olefin detailed distribution study

Sani, A. Golrokh; Ebrahim, H. Ale; Azarhoosh, Mohammad Javad

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.03.087

Cited by 38 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Due to the complex hydrodynamics and mixture, the lumping kinetic model has gained acceptability in description of an industrial FCC unit. For instance, the six lumped kinetic model has a feed, and five products, consisting of diesel, gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), dry gas, and coke, adequately represent the product distribution [16,17,19]. If all products deem directly from the cracking of the feedstock oil, the reaction rate or the kinetic model equations can be expressed as fellow:…”

Section: Simulated Industrial Evaluation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evaluation of fresh FCC catalysts can require expensive laboratory or actual field tests, where feedstock disturbances or market demands could make the evaluation difficult. The first step is to assess the potential in cracking activity and yield selectivity, either for a standalone catalyst or for co-catalysts [15], and hydrothermal effect and metals deposition are two main factors that influence the catalyst deactivation for commercial FCC units [15][16][17][18]. Hydrothermal deactivation represents the equilibrium activity as a function of a regenerator bed temperature and regeneration bed flue gas water partial pressure, while metal deactivation reflects the influence of metal content on commercial equilibrium catalyst (E-Cat).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Method to Investigate the Activity Tests of Fresh FCC Catalysts: An Experimental and Prediction Process from Lab Scale to Commercial Scale

Liao

et al. 2021

Processes

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The issues of feedstocks, product markets, and environmental emissions have continuously proposed a number of challenges for industrial evaluation of fresh fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst before its application in commercial units. In this work, a convenient method was proposed by comparing with the existing commercial equilibrium catalyst. A series of laboratory experiments for steam treatments and microactivity tests were established to collect reliable data, and the standalone catalyst or co-catalysts were assessed to show the evaluation process and the predicted unit performance. The results had deviation, but a consistent yield distribution than that of a commercial equilibrium catalyst. These evaluations and predictions would provide us with not only the view of hydrothermal stability and yield distribution at the unit level, but also the economic potential for fresh catalyst based on the existing industrial catalyst, which will provide refiners with industrial basis for further decisions.

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Section: Simulated Industrial Evaluation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method to Investigate the Activity Tests of Fresh FCC Catalysts: An Experimental and Prediction Process from Lab Scale to Commercial Scale

Liao

et al. 2021

Processes

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“…where k 0,i represents the frequency factor and E i is the activation energy. φ is the catalyst deactivation function due to coke deposition, which is given by 41 k t exp( ) where t os is the time-on-stream and k d is the catalyst deactivation coefficient, which depends on the operating temperature (T) and determined by…”

Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer and Parametric Sensitivity in an Experimental Fixed-Bed Reactor for the Catalytic Cracking of Heavy Hydrocarbons Based on Modeling and Experiments

Nargessi

Karimzadeh

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A heterogeneous model for a fixed-bed catalytic cracking reactor of a heavy hydrocarbon stream based on a six-lump kinetic model has been developed for analyzing the operating parameters and describing the heat and mass transfer inside the reactor. Various definitions for the heat-transfer coefficient were investigated using the model. A comparison of the internal and external heat transfer of the reactor showed that it is limited by the heat transfer between the reactor wall and the fluid and plays a major role in the overall heat-transfer coefficient. Also, the weight fraction and temperature profiles demonstrate the same behavior for both solid and gas phases and the difference between the profiles was related to film resistance between the two phases. The results of the model at different temperatures, weight hourly space velocities, and time-on-stream on the distribution of catalytic products and conversion show good agreement with experimental data. The results revealed that moderate conditions are optimal for achieving a higher yield of gasoline, while the amount of undesirable products increased under severe conditions.

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“…Figure 6 shows the schematic flow diagram of a typical fluid catalytic cracking unit based on a "side-by-side" configuration [29]. The procedure of sensor location for an entire FCCU cannot be presented completely due to space limitations.…”

Section: Sensor Location In a Fccumentioning

confidence: 99%

Locating Sensors in Large-Scale Engineering Systems for Fault Isolation Based on Fault Feature Reduction

Wang

Smith

et al. 2020

Journal of the Franklin Institute

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Fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) modules in a modern control system are effective in detecting and identifying abnormal process behaviours in a timely manner, ensuring the high-performance of large-scale engineering systems. The detection and isolation of faults is essentially built on the characterisation of the observed behaviour of a system. However, due to the large number of technical indicators available for measurement, as well as the various constraints of sensor installation, monitoring all the operating parameters of a large-scale engineering system is not feasible. Therefore, locating sensors optimally in a large-scale system, to achieve a comprehensive description of an abnormality, becomes a key issue to successfully apply diagnostic technologies to real world situations. In this paper, a fault feature reduction (FFR) based sensor location approach is proposed for optimal sensor placement so as to achieve the desired performance of fault detection and isolation. The behaviour of faults is firstly analysed using a fault tree to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the multi-dimensional relationships between faults and symptoms. A Boolean matrix is then constructed to represent the corresponding relations around faults and potential sensors. All the alternative configurations of sensors, for a desired diagnosis of a system, are obtained by eliminating the redundant fault features. The trade-off without a certain sensor is also attained using the  * Corresponding author.

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8-Lump kinetic model for fluid catalytic cracking with olefin detailed distribution study

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

A Novel Method to Investigate the Activity Tests of Fresh FCC Catalysts: An Experimental and Prediction Process from Lab Scale to Commercial Scale

A Novel Method to Investigate the Activity Tests of Fresh FCC Catalysts: An Experimental and Prediction Process from Lab Scale to Commercial Scale

Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer and Parametric Sensitivity in an Experimental Fixed-Bed Reactor for the Catalytic Cracking of Heavy Hydrocarbons Based on Modeling and Experiments

Locating Sensors in Large-Scale Engineering Systems for Fault Isolation Based on Fault Feature Reduction

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