8-Hydroxy-2 prime -Deoxyguanosine, A Major Mutagenic Oxidative DNA Lesion, and DNA Strand Breaks in Nasal Respiratory Epithelium of Children Exposed to Urban Pollution

Calderon-Garciduenas, Lilian; Wen-Wang, Lian; Zhang, Yujing; Rodrı́guez-Alcaraz, Antonio; Osnaya, Norma; Villarreal-Calderón, Anna; Santella, Regina M.

doi:10.2307/3434629

Environmental Health Perspectives

1999

DOI: 10.2307/3434629

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8-Hydroxy-2 prime -Deoxyguanosine, A Major Mutagenic Oxidative DNA Lesion, and DNA Strand Breaks in Nasal Respiratory Epithelium of Children Exposed to Urban Pollution

Lilian Calderon-Garciduenas¹,

Lian Wen-Wang²,

Yujing Zhang³

et al.

Abstract: Southwest metropolitan Mexico City children are repeatedly exposed to high levels of a complex mixture of air pollutants, including ozone, particulate matter, aldehydes, metals, and nitrogen oxides. We explored nasal cell 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a major mutagenic lesion producing G-->T transversion mutations, using an immunohistochemical method, and DNA single strand breaks (ssb) using the single cell gel electrophoresis assay as biomarkers of oxidant exposure. Nasal biopsies from the posterior i… Show more

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Cited by 7 publications

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“…8 Levels of 8-oxo-dG can also be readily quantified by immunohistochemical techniques. This method has been used to identify levels of 8-oxo-dG in nasal biopsies of children in Mexico exposed to high levels of air pollutants 9 as well as in oral mucosal cells in smokers versus nonsmokers.…”

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8-oxo-dG Elevated in Children During Leukemia Treatment

et al. 2004

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Changes in oxidative stress in children undergoing chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have not been well documented. To determine whether the measurement of the DNA oxidized base 8-oxodeoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) may be a useful biomarker in this population, the authors conducted an observational study on 103 children with ALL. Blood samples were collected at diagnosis, during interim maintenance (IM), and during delayed intensification (DI). Blood mononuclear cell 8-oxo-dG, measured with an immunohistochemical method, decreased from diagnosis to IM (P = .01) and increased between IM and DI (P < .01). In a pilot study, bone marrow was also collected from 16 patients at diagnosis and after 28 days of treatment, but 8-oxo-dG remained the same. The relationship between plasma and dietary intake of antioxidants and the level of 8-oxo-dG was also explored. There was a direct relationship between the intake of vitamin E at diagnosis and bone marrow 8-oxo-dG (P = .03) and an inverse relationship between beta-carotene intake and blood 8-oxo-dG at IM (P = .03) and vitamin A in-take and blood 8-oxo-dG at DI (P = .003). Plasma vitamin C (P = .02) and total carotenoids (P = .01) were inversely related to blood 8-oxo-dG at IM. In contrast, higher plasma E/total lipid levels were associated with higher 8-oxo-dG at IM and DI (P < .01). At IM, patients with higher 8-oxo-dG had an increased risk of chemotherapy dose reduction (P = .04). In conclusion, the level of 8-oxo-dG in blood mononuclear cells decreases after the start of chemotherapy and increases during aggressive chemotherapy in children with ALL.

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8-oxo-dG Elevated in Children During Leukemia Treatment

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Effect of pollutants in rhinitis

Peden

2001

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Allergic rhinitis is a very common disease worldwide and is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Exposure to environmental allergens is the most significant environmental factor in development and exacerbation of allergic rhinitis. However, air pollutants that are not allergens may affect allergic inflammation in the nasal airway. The nasal airway possesses a number of defense mechanisms to deal with environmental irritants. This article examines the effect of ozone and particulate air pollution of TH2-type inflammation in the airway and how nasal defenses protect the upper and lower airway from adverse effects of pollutants.

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Classical and alternative macrophage activation in the lung following ozone-induced oxidative stress

Sunil

Patel-Vayas

Shen

et al. 2012

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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Ozone is a pulmonary irritant known to cause oxidative stress, inflammation and tissue injury. Evidence suggests that macrophages play a role in the pathogenic response; however, their contribution depends on the mediators they encounter in the lung which dictate their function. In these studies we analyzed the effects of ozone-induced oxidative stress on the phenotype of alveolar macrophages (AM). Exposure of rats to ozone (2 ppm, 3 h) resulted in increased expression of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), as well as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in AM. Whereas 8-OHdG was maximum at 24 h, expression of HO-1 was biphasic increasing after 3 h and 48–72 h. Cleaved caspase-9 and beclin-1, markers of apoptosis and autophagy, were also induced in AM 24 h post-ozone. This was associated with increased bronchoalveolar lavage protein and cells, as well as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, demonstrating alveolar epithelial injury. Ozone intoxication resulted in biphasic activation of the transcription factor, NFκB. This correlated with expression of monocyte chemotactic protein -1, inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase -2, markers of proinflammatory macrophages. Increases in arginase-1, Ym1 and galectin-3 positive anti-inflammatory/wound repair macrophages were also observed in the lung after ozone inhalation, beginning at 24 h (arginase-1, Ym1), and persisting for 72 h (galectin-3). This was associated with increased expression of pro-surfactant protein-C, a marker of Type II cell proliferation and activation, important steps in wound repair. These data suggest that both proinflammatory/cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory/wound repair macrophages are activated early in the response to ozone-induced oxidative stress and tissue injury.

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8-Hydroxy-2 prime -Deoxyguanosine, A Major Mutagenic Oxidative DNA Lesion, and DNA Strand Breaks in Nasal Respiratory Epithelium of Children Exposed to Urban Pollution

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

8-oxo-dG Elevated in Children During Leukemia Treatment

8-oxo-dG Elevated in Children During Leukemia Treatment

Effect of pollutants in rhinitis

Classical and alternative macrophage activation in the lung following ozone-induced oxidative stress

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