8.16 Heterogeneous Hydrogenation of CC and CC Bonds

Role of the support and chloride during the purification of 1‐pentene in alkyne/alkene streams over Pd catalysts

“…Alkenes are very important products of the fine chemistry, petrochemistry, and polymer industries, among others. 1,2 Alkenes are produced by non-selective thermal processes (steam cracking) or catalytic cracking of naphtha fractions and are separated into cuts containing predominantly molecules of a specified number of carbon atoms. However, each cut contains multiple unsaturated impurities (alkynes and dienes), so the goal is to purify the alkene stream using solvents (which are not environmentally friendly) or by selective hydrogenation reaction using a catalyst (which is a green-chemistry process).…”

Olefin Purification and Selective Hydrogenation of Alkynes with Low Loaded Pd Nanoparticle Catalysts

“…Olefins are very important products for the industries of fine chemicals, petrochemicals and polymers 1,2 . Industrial synthesis of alkenes can be carried out by several synthesis routes.…”

“…Some of these processes include thermal treatment, dehydrogenation, catalytic cracking and hydrogenation 2,4,5 . After these processes not only desirable products are obtained, undesired products may also be present as alkanes, alkynes or other unsaturated products 6,7 .…”

“…Selective hydrogenation is a key process for the elimination of impurities or the obtaining of products with high added value. All selective hydrogenations are of great interest considering economic and ecological aspects 2,8,9 . Selective hydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes represents one of the most important steps in fine chemicals manufacture 10 .…”

Silica-Supported Cu Nanoparticle Catalysts for Alkyne Semihydrogenation: Effect of Ligands on Rates and Selectivity

“…9,10 Developed in the 1950s, the heterogeneous Lindlar catalyst (Pd/CaCO 3 /Pb(OAc) 2 /quinoline) 11 still remains a privileged system for Z-selective batch alkyne semihydrogenation. [2][3][4]9 However, it relies on expensive and rare palladium metal, uses toxic Pb additive, and has other limitations such as narrow substrate scope, overhydrogenation to alkanes, Z/E isomerization, and double bond migration reactions of olefin products. Commercial lead-free Pd-based catalysts with increased utilization of palladium were developed only very recently.…”