“…The success rate of predicting pathologically advanced disease based on modern cross‐sectional imaging techniques is only ≈50%, which effectively means that accurate prediction is equivalent to the tossing of a coin . Considering that the prognostic benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is most pronounced in patients with locally advanced stages , prediction models may represent effective tools for identifying which patients should receive neoadjuvant treatment or upfront cystectomy.…”