7-Ketocholesterol induces ROS-mediated mRNA expression of 12-lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase-2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in human mesangial cells: Potential role in diabetic nephropathy

Gilteritinib induces PUMA‐dependent apoptotic cell death via AKT/GSK‐3β/NF‐κB pathway in colorectal cancer cells

“…20 Gilteritinib displayed clinical activity across a wide therapeutic window and was well tolerated and in a population of heavily pre-treated FLT3 mut+ R/R AML. 22 This is the first study to demonstrate that tumour suppressor activity of gilteritinib is dependent on the autonomous apoptotic induction, beginning from inhibition of AKT, activation of GSK3β and nuclear translocation of p65, resulting in induction of PUMA and initiation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. 22 This is the first study to demonstrate that tumour suppressor activity of gilteritinib is dependent on the autonomous apoptotic induction, beginning from inhibition of AKT, activation of GSK3β and nuclear translocation of p65, resulting in induction of PUMA and initiation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.…”

“…19 Gilteritinib, a small molecule, is an inhibitor of this pathway and is FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approved for treating AML. 22 This is the first study to demonstrate that tumour suppressor activity of gilteritinib is dependent on the autonomous apoptotic induction, The induction of PUMA has a vital role in apoptosis induced by a range of chemotherapy agents and may be a valuable chemosensitivity biomarker. 37 Studies have shown that induction of PUMA relates closely with varying sensitivity to EGFR TKIs in neck and head cancer cells, and of the absence of PUMA induction correlates with resistance to EGFR TKIs.…”

“…9,18 A newly discovered dual FLT3 inhibitor, gilteritinib (ASP2215), 19 remarkably decreases the ability of FLT3positive leukaemia cells to colonize. 22 Concurrent with regular chemotherapy agents and targeted therapies, apoptosis plays a vital role in the antitumour activities. 16 Gilteritinib has been approved by the FDA for refractory or relapsed AML with a mutation in FLT3.…”

“…16 Gilteritinib has been approved by the FDA for refractory or relapsed AML with a mutation in FLT3. 22 Concurrent with regular chemotherapy agents and targeted therapies, apoptosis plays a vital role in the antitumour activities. 23 While the apoptosis via the mitochondrial activity is mainly regulated by the proteins of Bcl-2 family.…”

Insulin resistance and impaired lipid metabolism as a potential link between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease

“…7KC has been extensively studied as a pro‐inflammatory and pro‐apoptotic molecule, particularly in the contexts of atherosclerosis and age‐related macular degeneration (AMD). Atherosclerosis research has shown that high concentrations of 7KC induce apoptosis in cultured macrophages in a ROS‐dependent mechanism (Leonarduzzi et al, ) and 7KC can induce expression of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐6 and IL‐1β in vitro (Larrayoz, Huang, Lee, Pascual, & Rodríguez, ; Watanabe et al, ). In AMD, a more relevant disease for learning about oxysterols in the brain, 7KC and other oxysterols are elevated in the retina (Moreira, Larrayoz, Lee, & Rodri'guez, I. R., ; Rodriguez & Fliesler, ; Rodríguez & Larrayoz, ).…”