[7] Experimental analysis of transcription factor-nucleosome interactions

Vettese-Dadey, M.; Adams, Christopher C.; Côté, Jacques; Walter, Phillip; Workman, Jerry L.

doi:10.1016/s1067-2389(06)80010-5

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Acetylation occurs at lysine residues on the N-terminal tails of histones, resulting in alterations in shown in Figure 4. Seven surgical samples, four from adjacent normal tissues (lanes 1-4 in Figure 4) and three from colorectal nucleosomal conformation, thus increasing the accessibility of transcription regulatory proteins to chromatin templates (28). carcinoma tissues (lanes 5-7 in Figure 4), from patients with colon carcinoma were examined.…”

Section: A Possible Relationship Between Histone Acetylation Regulatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 is regulated by histone acetylation in human colorectal carcinoma

Kamitani

2001

Carcinogenesis

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15-Lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1) is expressed at higher levels in human colorectal tumors compared with normal tissue. 15-LO-1 is expressed in cultured human colorectal cells, but only after treatment with sodium butyrate (NaBT), which also stimulates apoptosis and cell differentiation. We examined the regulation of 15-LO-1 in human tissue and the colorectal carcinoma cell lines Caco-2 and SW-480 by treatment with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors: NaBT, trichostatin A (TSA) and HC toxin. Northern and western analysis showed that expression of 15-LO-1 was up-regulated by these HDAC inhibitors. Furthermore, HDAC inhibitors stimulated promoter activity of the 15-LO-1 gene approximately 12-to 21-fold using the -331/-23 region of the 15-LO-1 promoter, as measured with a luciferase-15-LO-1 promoter-reporter system, suggesting that 15-LO-1 is regulated at the transcriptional level by HDAC inhibitors. Histone proteins in colorectal cells were acetylated after treatment with HDAC inhibitors. Histone acetylation was also measured in human colorectal tissue and a correlation was observed between increased histone acetylation and 15-LO-1 expression. Thus, regulation of 15-LO-1 expression in colorectal tissues appears to occur by a novel and new mechanism associated with histone acetylation. Moreover, these results suggest that 15-LO-1 is a marker that reflects histone acetylation in colorectal carcinoma.

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Section: A Possible Relationship Between Histone Acetylation Regulatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 is regulated by histone acetylation in human colorectal carcinoma

Kamitani

2001

Carcinogenesis

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“…The reaction was most efficient in the presence of multiple GAGA boxes spread over a distance of 150 bp, and suffered from progressive deletion of binding sites. This situation is reminiscent of the above-mentioned model reactions, which demonstrated that binding of GAL4-AH to multiple sites in a nucleosome can initiate at the loosely associated DNA at nucleosome edges and proceed cooperatively until even sequences close to the dyad axis of the particle are invaded (34). Spread-out GAGA boxes over a considerable area ensure that there will always be a binding site in the linker, even when nucleosomes are assembled with no preferred position.…”

Section: Chromatin Remodeling By Gaga Factor Requires Atp Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 96%

The establishment of active promoters in chromatin

Becker

1994

BioEssays

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The organization of eukaryotic genomes as chromatin provides the framework within which regulated transcription occurs in the nucleus. The association of DNA with chromatin proteins required to package the genome into the nucleus is, in general, inhibitory to transcription, and therefore provides opportunities for regulated transcriptional activation. Granting access to the cis-acting elements in DNA, a prerequisite for any further action of the trans-acting factors involved, requires the establishment of local heterogeneity of chromatin and, in some cases, extensive remodeling of nucleosomal structures. Challenging problems relate to the establishment of this heterogeneity at the level of the single nucleosome and to the mechanisms that operate when nucleosomal arrays are reorganized. Recent developments indicate that chromatin reconstitution in cell-free systems allows the biochemical analysis of the interplay between transcription factors and chromatin components that brings about regulated transcription.

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“…The acetylation of H4 facilitates binding of be the natural substrate for such an activity. The Drosophila homolog of Snf2, Brahma, is present in a complex that fractionates Gal4 to nucleosomal DNA [85], and acetylation of the core histones enhances transcription by RNA polymerase III from a separately from NURF. This result may be consistent with the vast differences in the apparent size and complexity of the nucleosomal template [86].…”

Section: Chromatin-remodelling Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of in vitro experiments has demonstrated H4 enhances the activation of the MMTV promoter by one or other transactivator but inhibits the synergism between these that the tryptic removal of the N-termini of the core histones results in increased binding of a classical transactivator, Gal4-two [49]. In addition to this nucleosome-dependent synergism the problem of nucleosomal repression at this promoter may be AH, to a nucleosomal binding site, implicating the nucleosome in the control of activated transcription [40].…”

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confidence: 99%

Chromatin and transcription

Gregory

Hörz

1998

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The last year has seen much progress in our understanding of chromatin and transcription. Transcriptionally active chromatin has long been correlated with a higher level of histone acetlyation. The discovery of a nuclear histone acetyltransferase activity encoded by factors with a role in transcription raises the possibility that the cell is able to dynamically modulate the (local) level of histone acteylation, switching chromatin templates from inactive to transcriptionally active states. Furthermore, histone acetylation states have shown to play a role in determining the efficacy of transcriptionally silenced chromatin in both yeast and Drosophila. The advances in our knowledge regarding the role of the origin-recognition complex in the establishment of silencing, and the requirement for a locally concentrated zone of the silence information regulator proteins in the nucleus has provided insights into the complex architecture of silenced chromatin. The goal of understanding the mechanisms by which the cell is able to 'open' repressive chromatin structures has prompted the discovery of multiple chromatin remodelling activites. These large protein complexes identified from organisms as diverse as yeast, mouse, fly and man demonstrate the ubiquity and fundamental importance of the ability to perturb the structure of chromatin allowing transcription of the desired genes. These data provide the latest and potentially most significant demonstration of the importance of the nucleosome in the regulation of transcription.Keywords : chromatin remodeling; nucleosome; transcriptional regulation ; histone acetylation ; telomere ; silencing; position effect; SWI/SNF; GCN5; RPD3.The regulation of gene expression is of paramount impor-Silencing and position-effect variegation (PEV) tance to all aspects of cell biology. Genes function in a dynamicThe eukaryotic chromosome is far from being a uniformly complex of DNA and protein termed chromatin, which was once tractable template for the activation of transcription. The thought to act as a purely structural matrix apparently invisible telomeric and centromeric regions, for example, are associated to the transcriptional apparatus. In fact, the chromatin template with a specialised, more condensed, higher-order structure on which the transcription machinery must act is a highly con-termed heterochromatin and most genes contained in such densed complex of DNA, histones and non-histone proteins, regions are transcriptionally silenced. which is able to package the entire genome into the nucleus PEV in Drosophila is the clonally inherited variable pattern and simultaneously allow the appropriate expression of specific of gene expression observed in some somatic cells, historically genes. The nucleosome has been shown to have a direct role in observed by recombination events translocating a gene into or the regulation of inducible genes, the silencing of heterochroout of a region of repressing heterochromatin. The connection matic regions, and the repression of the basal level of tran...

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[7] Experimental analysis of transcription factor-nucleosome interactions

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Expression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 is regulated by histone acetylation in human colorectal carcinoma

Expression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 is regulated by histone acetylation in human colorectal carcinoma

The establishment of active promoters in chromatin

Chromatin and transcription

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