7. Committed Theatricality

Bissonnette, Sylvie

doi:10.3138/9781442696280-008

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…Here we examined coalitions of two allies against one target only. Barbary macaque males frequently form coalitions , Berghänel, Ostner, Schülke, 2011, Bissonnette et al, 2011, Kuester and Paul, 1992, Widdig et al, 2000, Young, Hähndel, et al, 2013 serving both levelling (e.g. Bissonnette et al, 2011 andYoung, Hähndel, et al, 2013) and rank-changing functions .…”

Section: Coalitionary Recruitment Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Barbary macaque males frequently form coalitions , Berghänel, Ostner, Schülke, 2011, Bissonnette et al, 2011, Kuester and Paul, 1992, Widdig et al, 2000, Young, Hähndel, et al, 2013 serving both levelling (e.g. Bissonnette et al, 2011 andYoung, Hähndel, et al, 2013) and rank-changing functions . Handheld Kodak Zx1 HD video cameras were used to record coalitionary aggression with the observer of the aggression providing a spoken commentary of the aggression as soon as it began (for details see Young, Hähndel, et al, 2013 andYoung et al, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coalitions generally occur in two main contexts. First, levelling coalitions (Pandit & van Schaik, 2003) can be observed in which males attempt to level the mating skew by breaking up consorts and gain the immediate benefit of direct access to females (Bercovitch, 1988, Bissonnette et al, 2011and Noë and Sluijter, 1990. Second, males can utilize rank-changing coalitions (van Schaik et al, 2004 andvan Schaik et al, 2006) either to increase or to maintain the rank of one or both partners (Riss and Goodall, 1977, Widdig et al, 2000.…”

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Male social bonds and rank predict supporter selection in cooperative aggression in wild Barbary macaques

Young¹,

Majolo²,

Schülke³

et al. 2014

Animal Behaviour

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Highlights• Wild male Barbary macaques formed stable, strong, differentiated social bonds.• Strong bonds endured even through intensely competitive mating seasons.• Rank and bond strength predicted which bystander males were recruited to coalitions.• Males rejected recruitment from weakly bonded and low-ranked recruiters.• Supporter selection is based on two independent criteria. Cooperation in coalitions against coresident males has been shown to increase male reproductive success directly via increased mating success (levelling coalitions) or indirectly via increased dominance success (rank-changing coalitions). Two mechanisms guiding coalitionary supporter selection have been proposed. First, supporter selection may depend on the supporters available, whereby an animal chooses the highest ranking supporter present to maximize their chance of winning. Second, males may also select supporters based on the strength of the social bond they share with them. Different studies on male Barbary macaques, Macaca sylvanus, have produced support for both mechanisms but crucial assumptions and predictions remained untested. The aim of this study was to test predictions derived for both mechanisms after establishing whether Barbary macaque males formed social bonds. We observed two wild groups of macaques in Morocco (>2000 h focal animal data) and recorded the identity of males recruited to join a coalition, of all bystanders, and of the coalitionary target. We demonstrate for the first time that male Barbary macaques formed strong, equitable social bonds that were stable for 2 years. Corroborating earlier studies we found that males selected supporters by more than one criterion, namely by the strength of their social bonds to the potential ally and by their dominance rank position among potential supporters. The animals who received recruitment signals were more likely to reject the recruitment invitation the weaker their social bond to the recruiter was and if the target was higher ranking than the recruiter. In a subset in which we examined only levelling coalitions that would flatten the mating skew, males only used the mechanism that would maximize the feasibility of the coalition by more frequently selecting the highest ranked bystander. These results suggest that males flexibly apply different criteria for supporter selection depending on the context of the conflict. Keywords bystander; coalition; Macaca sylvanus; male-male competition; recruitment; social bonds Social relationships among animals living in stable social groups are competitive as well as affiliative, since group members compete for access to resources while establishing social bonds with both kin and nonkin (Cords, 1997, Hinde, 1976, Hinde, 1983, Massen et al., 2010, Silk, 2005and Silk, 2007. If dyadic affiliative relationships are differentiated within a social group, those relationships that are characterized by high frequencies of affiliative interactions, a relatively balanced directionality of exchange and temporal stability can be construed as...

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Section: Coalitionary Recruitment Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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