68Ga-PSMA PET/CT Imaging in Multiple Myeloma

Abstract

The potential applications of Ga-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT in the imaging of prostate cancer are now well established. A few case reports regarding the potential use of Ga-PSMA PET/CT in nonprostate cancer malignancies are also published. Apparently, the tumor neoangiogenesis is the mechanism attributed to increased Ga-PSMA uptake in the tumor sites in nonprostatic malignancies. We describe the use of Ga-PSMA PET/CT in imaging multiple myeloma. The intense Ga-PSMA avidity of the lesions also opens up the possibility of theranostics with Lu-PSMA.

Factors Predicting Metastatic Disease in 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET–Positive Osseous Lesions in Prostate Cancer

“…It also acts as a folate hydrolase that can be expressed in normal tissues and in both benign and malignant processes (13,14). For example, PSMA-ligand uptake can appear in conditions including but not limited to Paget's disease, myelomas, fibrous dysplasia, hemangiomas, and bone fractures (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), which can represent false-positive findings for metastatic disease on 68 Ga-PSMA PET. Given the management implications of the presence of osseous metastatic disease and the potential for false positives, guidelines have been suggested for interpreting 68 Ga-PSMA PET osseous lesions, including PSMA-RADS (21) and Prostate Cancer Molecular Imaging Standardized Evaluation (22).…”

18F-Labeled magnetic nanovectors for bimodal cellular imaging

“…Positron emission tomography [22][23][24][25] (PET) using positron emitters such as 11 C, 13 N, 18 F or 68 Ga is widely used in clinical practice for tumor detection or the elucidation of neurological disorders. 23,24,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Fluor-18 is the most frequently applied radionuclide in diagnosis due to its favorable decay properties with a half-life of 109.8 min and low β +energy and should also be suitable for the labeling of NPs. 30,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] The common strategies for producing radioactively labeled nanoparticles include either the labeling of the particle core or of the particle shell.…”

Prostate‐specific membrane antigen expression in melanoma metastases

“…11 However, PSMA is not "specific" for prostatic tissue, as it has now been described as being expressed in multiple other tissue types. PSMA-PET uptake has been found in normal organs (weakly expressed in kidney, duodenum, parotid, submandibular gland, spleen, lacrimal gland, and liver), 9 benign conditions (sarcoidosis, 12 Paget disease 13 ), benign (thyroid adenoma, 14 schwannoma, 15 meningioma, 16 ) and malignant neoplasms (colorectal, 17 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, 18 renal cell carcinoma, 19 cholangiocarcinoma, 20 hepatocellular carcinoma 21 , bladder, 22 breast, 23 gastrointestinal stromal tumour, 24 multiple myeloma, 25 ovarian and endometrial 26 ). In contrast to the prostate, where PSMA is located on prostatic epithelial cells, PSMA expression in these other neoplastic pathologies is located on the endothelial cells of capillary vessels in peritumoral and endotumoral areas.…”