65 GHz Q-switched mode-locked waveguide lasers based on two-dimensional materials as saturable absorbers

Li, Ziqi; Zhang, Yuxia; Cheng, Chen; Yu, Haohai; Chen, Feng

doi:10.1364/oe.26.011321

Cited by 59 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In 2013, the researchers fabricated a graphene SAM and applied it to a single-chip waveguide laser to obtain the modelocked pulses with a pulse width of 1.06 ps and a repetition rate of 1.5 GHz, [575] as shown in Figure 19. Since then, waveguide lasers using layered materials such as graphene, [576][577][578][579][580][581][582][583][584][585] Bi 2 Se 3 , [586,587] TMDCs, [588][589][590][591][592] and BP [593,594] have been further developed, as shown in Table 6. It can be seen that, for Q-switching operation, the minimum pulse width and maximum pulse energy are 25.2 ns [576] and 310 nJ, [579] respectively.…”

Section: Waveguide/disk Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Guo

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

407

197

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, 2D layered materials, including graphene, topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, MXenes, graphitic carbon nitride, and metal‐organic frameworks, have attracted considerable interest due to their potential applications in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and energy. Their rise in the field of nonlinear photonics began around 2009 and has become an important research direction. Here, the synthesis techniques, nonlinear optical properties, integration strategies, and device applications of layered materials are reviewed. In terms of nonlinear optical properties, the focus is on saturable absorption and Kerr nonlinearity. On this basis, their applications in various pulsed lasers, including fiber lasers, solid‐state lasers, waveguide lasers, and related nonlinear optical phenomenon, are summarized. In addition, novel optical devices using layered materials, such as optical modulators, optical polarizers, optical switchers, and even all‐optical device, are also involved. It is believed that the development of 2D layered materials in the field of photonics will continue to deepen, thus laying a good foundation for its practical application.

show abstract

Section: Waveguide/disk Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Guo

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

407

197

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It was reported that the maximum slope efficiency reached 53% in the case of MoS 2 SA. This is also the first Q-switched mode-lock waveguide laser using MoS 2 and Bi 2 Se 3 SAs in the waveguide platform, which pave the way for the compact ultrafast photonic applications [121].…”

Section: Lasersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This fabrication technique also allows arbitrary figures of compact waveguides to be achieved to further integrate with photonic devices. Among various structures, depressed cladding waveguide, featured with ambient low refractive index tracks, stands out for its easy integration with other optoelectronics and better light field confinement [120,121]. For example, Li et al applied ReSe 2 as an SA into a monolithic Nd:YVO 4 waveguide platform (with 50 μm diameters and 11 mm long), as presented in Figure 4A, where the depressed cladding configuration was adopted.…”

Section: Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances on hybrid integration of 2D materials on integrated optics platforms

Ren

Mitchell

2020

Nanophotonics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AbstractThe burgeoning research into two-dimensional (2D) materials opens a door to novel photonic and optoelectronic devices utilizing their fascinating electronic and photonic properties in thin-layered architectures. The hybrid integration of 2D materials onto integrated optics platforms thus becomes a potential solution to tackle the bottlenecks of traditional optoelectronic devices. In this paper, we present the recent advances of hybrid integration of a wide range of 2D materials on integrated optics platforms for developing high-performance photodetectors, modulators, lasers, and nonlinear optics. Such hybrid integration enables fully functional on-chip devices to be readily accessible researchers and technology developers, becoming a potential candidate for next-generation photonics and optoelectronics industries.

show abstract

“…The GHz laser sources have potential applications in areas such as ultrafast optical sampling, frequency combs generation, and high-speed optical communication. [79,83], and achieved 6.5 GHz QML laser on femtosecond-laser-written Nd:YVO 4 waveguide. With different nonlinear optical properties (e.g.…”

Section: Mode-locked Waveguide Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-dimensional materials as saturable absorbers for pulsed waveguide lasers

Pang

et al. 2020

J. Phys. Photonics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low-dimensional (LD) materials, such as 2D materials, carbon nanotubes, and nanoparticles, have attracted increasing attention for light modulation in photonics and optoelectronics. The high nonlinearity, broad bandwidth, and fast response enabled by LD materials are critical to realize desired functionalities in highly integrated photonic systems. Driven by the growing demand for compact laser sources, LD materials have recently demonstrated their great capacity as saturable absorbers in pulsed (Q-switched or mode-locked) laser generation in waveguide platforms. We review the recent advances of pulsed waveguide lasers based on LD materials. A perspective is also presented in this rapidly growing research field. Fundamentals of LD saturable absorbers and optical waveguidesOwing to the diverse electronic structures, LD materials offer versatile options to realize wide applications based on the nonlinear optical response. Currently, semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) are the most frequently used commercial SAs, processing high damage threshold and prominent stability. However, a variety of LD materials retain a number of advantages to be nonlinear SAs, of which SESAMs © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd J. Phys. Photonics 2 (2020) 031001 Z Li et al cannot fulfill, such as broadband operation, ultrafast recovery time, low cost, and better compatibility with compact devices such as fibers and waveguides. Recently, an increasing number of research efforts have been made to unfold the nonlinear optical properties as well as its corresponding applications of the emerging LD materials [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. For semiconducting or semimetallic LD materials, the main mechanism for nonlinear saturable absorption is Pauli blocking. After photoexcitation, non-equilibrium carrier state could be created, in which valence-band electrons can be excited to the conduction band, and a hole can be formed on the valence band. As the increase of the incident light intensity, the photon absorption processes of LD materials experience a transition from linear absorption to saturable absorption. When the light intensity continues increasing and reaches the saturation intensity, the extra photons will no longer be absorbed by the electrons in the valence band, and the transmittance of the SA will not increase but gradually tend to a stable value. For metallic nanoparticles, the dominant mechanism is the LSPR effect arising from the interaction between the electric field of incident light and the surface electrons in the conduction band. The optical nonlinearity could be significantly enhanced while maintaining the ultrafast recovery time. These nonlinear effects are widely used in passively Q-switched or mode-locked lasers. In order to characterize the nonlinear optical properties, femtosecond Z-scan spectroscopy is typically employed by moving the sample along the Z direction through a focused Gaussian beam. The laser intensity can be varied continuously with the maximum at the focal poin...

show abstract

65 GHz Q-switched mode-locked waveguide lasers based on two-dimensional materials as saturable absorbers

Cited by 59 publications

References 39 publications

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Recent advances on hybrid integration of 2D materials on integrated optics platforms

Low-dimensional materials as saturable absorbers for pulsed waveguide lasers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About