649. The effect of design of teat-cup liners on mastitis incidence

Dodd, F. H.; Oliver, J.; Neave, F. K.

doi:10.1017/s0022029900008487

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…C for 48 hours and then examined. All quarter samples were examined cytologically by a Breed film technique [7] that used the single solution stain described [15]. Milk samples were stored overnight at 4' C and then examined for discolouration and clotting.…”

Section: Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Adherence in Mastitis Caused by Escherichia coli

1977

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Abstract. The possible role of bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of experimental mastitis in the mouse was examined with four strains of Escherichia coli. Two of these strains had a known adhesion antigen (K88) and two did not.The K88 antigen did not play a significant role in the virulence or infectivity of E. coli either in the murine or bovine mammary gland. Two E. coli strains, W1 (K88+) and 52(K88-) were virulent in the mouse but did not adhere to epithelial cells. Both these strains produced clinical mastitis in the cow. A third strain, D282 (K88-), produced mild disease in the mouse but was avirulent in the cow. The fourth strain, 233/1D (K88+), was avirulent in both the mouse and the cow.Strains D282 and 233/1D were killed rapidly by bovine serum whilst 52 and W1 were more resistant. All strains were more sensitive than the control resistant strain E. coli P4, which is known to be highly virulent for the lactating udder.The selective adhesion of microorganisms to epithelial cells seems to be critical in the pathogenesis of some infections of the trachea [16], small intestine [2, 4, 111, urethra [20] and vagina [12]. Adhesion of mastitis-causing organisms to the mammary epithelium may be essential in the establishment of infection. An in vitro study [ 8 ] showed that strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae derived from subclinical mastitis adhered to epithelial cells from lactiferous ducts in greater numbers than did strains of Strep. faecalis, E. coli and Corynebacterium bovis derived from faeces or normal milk.The K88 antigen has been shown to be responsible for the adhesion of enteropathogenic strains of E. coli to the epithelium of the small intestine of the piglet [9, 101. Four strains of E. coli that were known either to have or lack the K88 adhesion-antigen were inoculated into the mammary gland of mice because by using this small animal [6] one can assess virulence and see the organisms in relation to the epithelium. The ability of these strains of E. coli to induce mastitis in the cow was determined by inoculation of lactating quarters. Their susceptibility to killing by bovine serum also was measured because coliform strains that are highly susceptible to the bactericidal activity of bovine serum are avirulent when infused into the udder whilst serum-resistant strains are capable of producing mastitis [5].61 8

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Section: Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Adherence in Mastitis Caused by Escherichia coli

1977

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“…Post-infusion samples (see infusion procedure) were all enriched. Plates were incubated at 37 °C for 48 h. Total leucocyte counts were made on the fresh foremilks by the method of Dodd, Oliver & Neave (1957).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The recovery of small numbers of Staphylococcus aureus infused into the bovine teat cistern

Newbould¹,

Neave²

1965

Journal of Dairy Research

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SummarySmall volumes of milk each containing an average of less than 10 colonyforming units of Staphylococcus aureus were injected into the teat cisterns of 39 quarters of 10 cows.Typical staphylococci were recovered from only 14 quarters following overnight incubation of milk stripped manually from each quarter 10 min after injection. There was an inverse relationship between the total leucocyte count of the milk taken from the quarter before infusion and recovery of staphylococci.From 4 of 8 quarters from which Staph. aureus could not be recovered by enrichment it was possible to recover the organism by centrifuging the milk and culturing the deposit of leucocytes and bacteria.It is suggested that release of ingested staphylococci from defunct phagocytes may be important in initiation of infection, failure of antibiotic therapy and recurrence of infection.

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“…A model BE Coulter counter was used (Coulter Electronics Ltd, Coldharbour Lane, Harpenden, Herts, England). The electronic cell count is less reliable for non-lactation secretion than for milk although agreement with the direct microscopic somatic cell count (DMSCC), obtained using the method described by Dodd, Oliver & Neave (1957), indicated it was capable of detecting major changes in cell count. The use of the DMSCC, which would have been preferable, was precluded for non-lactation secretion as many samples persistently washed off the slides during fixing and staining.…”

Section: Cell Countingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the susceptibility of lactating and non-lactating bovine udders to infection when infused with Escherichia coli

Bramley¹

1976

Journal of Dairy Research

101

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Small numbers of Escherichia coli were infused into both lactating and non-lactating udders. Twelve of the 17 lactating quarters infused became infected, and all 12 showed clinical symptoms of udder disease. The 5 lactating quarters which did not become infected all had pre-infusion somatic cell counts > 300 000 cells/ml milk, whilst all the quarters which became infected had cell counts < 300000 cells/ml milk. E. coli was subsequently recovered from only 6 of the 16 non-lactating quarters infused. In only 2 of these quarters did clinical infection follow, both quarters being in a cow infused 2 d before calving. The remaining 4 quarters from which E. coli was recovered were all negative within 5 d of infusion. These differences in susceptibility are discussed, particularly with reference to the frequent occurrence of coliform mastitis at and shortly after calving.

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649. The effect of design of teat-cup liners on mastitis incidence

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Bacterial Adherence in Mastitis Caused by Escherichia coli

Bacterial Adherence in Mastitis Caused by Escherichia coli

The recovery of small numbers of Staphylococcus aureus infused into the bovine teat cistern

Variations in the susceptibility of lactating and non-lactating bovine udders to infection when infused with Escherichia coli

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