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Fujimoto, Morihisa; Terasawa, T.; Mukai, T.

doi:10.1023/a:1004934306623

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In addition, these electrons with a low energy (Figure 2g) appeared mainly in the parallel and anti-parallel directions, showing the signature of a cigar distribution [24,[32][33][34]55]. Such a cigar distribution of electrons with low energy was also observed in previous CDPSs caused by the solar wind entry via a low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL) [56]. [42].…”

Section: Observationssupporting

confidence: 71%

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Cold and Dense Plasma Sheet Caused by Solar Wind Entry: Direct Evidence

Chen

2020

Atmosphere

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We present a coordinated observation with the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission, located in the Earth’s magnetotail plasma sheet, and the Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence, and Electrodynamics of the Moon’s Interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) mission, located in the solar wind, in order to understand the formation mechanism of the cold and dense plasma sheet (CDPS). MMS detected two CDPSs composed of two ion populations with different energies, where the energy of the cold ion population is the same as that of the solar wind measured by ARTEMIS. This feature directly indicates that the CDPSs are caused by the solar wind entry. In addition, He+ was observed in the CDPSs. The plasma density in these two CDPSs are ~1.8 cm−3 and ~10 cm−3, respectively, roughly 4–30 times the average value of a plasma sheet. We performed a cross-correlation analysis on the ion density of the CDPS and the solar wind, and we found that it takes 3.7–5.9 h for the solar wind to enter the plasma sheet. Such a coordinated observation confirms the previous speculation based on single-spacecraft measurements.

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Section: Observationssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Fujimoto et al [56] presented a CDPS event where cold ion populations originate from the magnetosheath via LLBL. In the CDPS, these low-energy electrons mainly appear in the parallel and anti-parallel directions, showing the signature of a cigar distribution.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold and Dense Plasma Sheet Caused by Solar Wind Entry: Direct Evidence

Chen

2020

Atmosphere

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“…3D and 3J, were ~1 particle/cc and ~1 keV respectively. These are conditions of a cold-dense plasma sheet following prolonged intervals of northward interplanetary field (25). Probe P1 observed at ~04:54 UT tailward flows (V x <0) accompanied by southward (B z <0) and duskward (B y >0) excursions of the magnetic field, followed at ~05:02 UT by Earthward flows and opposite polarity magnetic field perturbations.…”

Section: Tail Reconnection Triggering Substorm Onsetmentioning

confidence: 95%

Tail Reconnection Triggering Substorm Onset

Angelopoulos

McFadden

Larson

et al. 2008

Science

596

617

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Magnetospheric substorms explosively release solar wind energy previously stored in Earth's magnetotail, encompassing the entire magnetosphere and producing spectacular auroral displays. It has been unclear whether a substorm is triggered by a disruption of the electrical current flowing across the near-Earth magnetotail, at approximately 10 R(E) (R(E): Earth radius, or 6374 kilometers), or by the process of magnetic reconnection typically seen farther out in the magnetotail, at approximately 20 to 30 R(E). We report on simultaneous measurements in the magnetotail at multiple distances, at the time of substorm onset. Reconnection was observed at 20 R(E), at least 1.5 minutes before auroral intensification, at least 2 minutes before substorm expansion, and about 3 minutes before near-Earth current disruption. These results demonstrate that substorms are likely initiated by tail reconnection.

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“…The motivations were twofold: investigate its possible role in the formation and the thickening of the LLBL (Mitchell et al 1987) and the formation of the Cold Dense Plasma Sheet or CDPS (e.g. Fujimoto et al 1997), during northward IMF.…”

Section: Khi Under Different Imf Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability: Lessons Learned and Ways Forward

Masson

Nykyri

2018

Space Sci Rev

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The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) is a ubiquitous phenomenon across the Universe, observed from 500 m deep in the oceans on Earth to the Orion molecular cloud. Over the past two decades, several space missions have enabled a leap forward in our understanding of this phenomenon at the Earth's magnetopause. Key results obtained by these missions are first presented, with a special emphasis on Cluster and THEMIS. In particular, as an ideal instability, the KHI was not expected to produce mass transport. Simulations, later confirmed by spacecraft observations, indicate that plasma transport in Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) vortices can arise during non-linear stage of its development via secondary process. In addition to plasma transport, spacecraft observations have revealed that KHI can also lead to significant ion heating due to enhanced ion-scale wave activity driven by the KHI. Finally, we describe what are the upcoming observational opportunities in 2018-2020, thanks to a unique constellation of multi-spacecraft missions including: MMS, Cluster, THEMIS, Van Allen Probes and Swarm.

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Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Cold and Dense Plasma Sheet Caused by Solar Wind Entry: Direct Evidence

Cold and Dense Plasma Sheet Caused by Solar Wind Entry: Direct Evidence

Tail Reconnection Triggering Substorm Onset

Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability: Lessons Learned and Ways Forward

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