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Topoliantz, Stéphanie

doi:10.1023/a:1026537632468

Cited by 98 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For example, Van Vliet et al (1993) and Topoliantz et al (2000) found that potworms increase porosity through their tunneling activity and their deposition of fecal pellets, thus preparing micro-sites of high fertility. This activity could also influence the distribution of plant roots in the uppermost centimeter of the soil.…”

Section: Achaeta Aberransmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Organic Pesticides on Enchytraeids (Oligochaeta) in Agroecosystems: Laboratory and Higher-Tier Tests

Römbke

Schmelz

Pelosi

2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta, Annelida) are often considered to be typical forestliving organisms, but they are regularly found in agroecosystems of the temperate regions of the world. Although less known than their larger relatives, the earthworms, these saprophagous organisms play similar roles in agricultural soils (but at a smaller scale), e.g., influencing soil structure and organic matter dynamics via microbial communities, and having a central place in soil food webs. Their diversity is rarely studied or often underestimated due to difficulties in distinguishing the species. New genetic techniques reveal that even in anthropogenically highly influenced soils, more than 10 species per site can be found. Because of their close contact with the soil pore water, a high ingestion rate and a thin cuticle, they often react very sensitively to a broad range of pesticides. Firstly we provide a short overview of the diversity and abundance of enchytraeid communities in agroecosystems. Afterwards, we explore the available data on enchytraeid sensitivity toward pesticides at different levels of biological organization, focusing on pesticides used in (mainly) European agroecosystems. Starting with non-standardized studies on the effects of pesticides on the sub-individual level, we compile the results of standard laboratory tests performed following OECD and ISO guidelines as well as those of higher-tier studies (i.e., semi-field and field tests). The number of comparable test data is still limited, because tests with enchytraeids are not a regulatory requirement in the European Union. While focusing on the effects of pesticides, attention is also given to their interactions with environmental stressors (e.g., climate change). In conclusion, we recommend to increase the use of enchytraeids in pesticide risk assessment because of their diversity and functional importance as well as their increasingly simplified use in (mostly standardized) tests at all levels of biological organization.

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Section: Achaeta Aberransmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Organic Pesticides on Enchytraeids (Oligochaeta) in Agroecosystems: Laboratory and Higher-Tier Tests

Römbke

Schmelz

Pelosi

2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Because root exudation is concentrated at the apices of the roots and at the nodes where lateral roots emerge (Jaeger et al, 1999), root architectural traits determine the expansion of the rhizosphere and exudate fluxes per unit of root biomass. A densely branched root system with high biomass and a rapid turnover thus contributes large quantities of exudates (Van der Krift et al, 2001). The chemistry of rhizodeposits is a key controlling variable of rhizosphere dynamics, as microbial communities may shift their N use efficiency in response to substrate stoichiometry, leading to changes in soil N cycling fluxes (Moorshammer et al, 2014).…”

Section: Rhizodeposition and Plant Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inputs of N through fertilization, BNF, atmospheric deposition, and human and animal waste have been found to be substantially higher than hydrological outputs of N in many studies and at many scales (Howarth et al, 1996;Boyer et al, 2002;Groffman, 2008). There is much uncertainty about the fate of this excess N (Van Breemen et al, 2002). Is it stored in soils or vegetation?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The soil N cycle: new insights and key challenges

Groenigen

Huygens

Boeckx

et al. 2015

SOIL

176

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Abstract. The study of soil N cycling processes has been, is, and will be at the centre of attention in soil science research. The importance of N as a nutrient for all biota; the ever-increasing rates of its anthropogenic input in terrestrial (agro)ecosystems; its resultant losses to the environment; and the complexity of the biological, physical, and chemical factors that regulate N cycling processes all contribute to the necessity of further understanding, measuring, and altering the soil N cycle. Here, we review important insights with respect to the soil N cycle that have been made over the last decade, and present a personal view on the key challenges of future research. We identify three key challenges with respect to basic N cycling processes producing gaseous emissions:1. quantifying the importance of nitrifier denitrification and its main controlling factors; 2. characterizing the greenhouse gas mitigation potential and microbiological basis for N 2 O consumption; 3. characterizing hotspots and hot moments of denitrification Furthermore, we identified a key challenge with respect to modelling: 1. disentangling gross N transformation rates using advanced 15 N / 18 O tracing models Finally, we propose four key challenges related to how ecological interactions control N cycling processes:1. linking functional diversity of soil fauna to N cycling processes beyond mineralization; 2. determining the functional relationship between root traits and soil N cycling; 3. characterizing the control that different types of mycorrhizal symbioses exert on N cycling; 4. quantifying the contribution of non-symbiotic pathways to total N fixation fluxes in natural systemsWe postulate that addressing these challenges will constitute a comprehensive research agenda with respect to the N cycle for the next decade. Such an agenda would help us to meet future challenges on food and energy security, biodiversity conservation, water and air quality, and climate stability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The soil N cycle: new insights and key challenges

Groenigen¹,

Huygens²,

Boeckx³

et al. 2014

Preprint

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The study of soil N cycling processes has been, is, and will be at the centre of attention in soil science research. The importance of N as a nutrient for all biota; the ever-increasing rates of its anthropogenic input in terrestrial (agro)ecosystems; its resultant losses to the environment; and the complexity of the biological, physical, and chemical factors that regulate N cycling processes all contribute to the necessity of further understanding, measuring, and altering the soil N cycle. Here, we review important insights with respect to the soil N cycle that have been made over the last decade, and present a personal view on the key challenges of future research. We identify three key challenges with respect to basic N cycling processes producing gaseous emissions:1. quantifying the importance of nitrifier denitrification and its main controlling factors; 2. characterizing the greenhouse gas mitigation potential and microbiological basis for N 2 O consumption;3. characterizing hotspots and hot moments of denitrification Furthermore, we identified a key challenge with respect to modelling: 1. disentangling gross N transformation rates using advanced 15 N / 18 O tracing models Finally, we propose four key challenges related to how ecological interactions control N cycling processes:1. linking functional diversity of soil fauna to N cycling processes beyond mineralization; 2. determining the functional relationship between root traits and soil N cycling;3. characterizing the control that different types of mycorrhizal symbioses exert on N cycling; 4. quantifying the contribution of non-symbiotic pathways to total N fixation fluxes in natural systemsWe postulate that addressing these challenges will constitute a comprehensive research agenda with respect to the N cycle for the next decade. Such an agenda would help us to meet future challenges on food and energy security, biodiversity conservation, water and air quality, and climate stability.

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Untitled

Cited by 98 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of Organic Pesticides on Enchytraeids (Oligochaeta) in Agroecosystems: Laboratory and Higher-Tier Tests

Effects of Organic Pesticides on Enchytraeids (Oligochaeta) in Agroecosystems: Laboratory and Higher-Tier Tests

The soil N cycle: new insights and key challenges

The soil N cycle: new insights and key challenges

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