“…A preferable alternative is to perform the Beckmann rearrangement reaction in the vapor phase using solid acid instead of sulfuric acid as a catalyst. In the past two decades, a large number of solid acid catalysts have been studied such as boria supported on various carriers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], silicasupported tantalum oxide and tungsten oxide [9,10], alumina pillared montmorillonite [11], tantalum pillared ilerite and magadiite [12][13][14], boron hydrotalcite-like compounds [15], SiMCM-41-supported phosphotungstic acid [16], anionic clays [17] and a wide variety of zeolites, such as USY [18], ZSM-5 [19][20][21][22][23][24][25], ZSM-11 [26], SAPO-11 [27], Beta [28,29], LTL [30], ferrierite [31] and MCM-22 [32], and mesoporous molecular sieves such as MCM-41, MCM-48, FSM-16 and SBA-15 [33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”