6. The role of policies and institutions in adaptation planning: experiences from the Hindu Kush Himalaya

Pradhan, Neera Shrestha; Khadgi, Vijay Ratan; Kaur, Nanki

doi:10.3362/9781780447902.006

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The region plays an important role in global atmospheric circulation, biological and cultural diversity, water resources and the hydrological cycle, apart from the beauty of its landscape and provision of other ecosystem amenities (Bandyopadhyay and Gyawali, ). Into the 1990s, the fast retreat of glaciers, snow and permafrost; the increasing magnitude and frequency of hazards, such as flash floods, glacier lake outburst floods and landslides; and decreased water availability and drought during the dry season, which is closely related to global climate change, become major threats in the Himalayan region (Pradhan et al ., ). Furthermore, melting glaciers, water sources of 1.3 billion people in the 10 large river basins of Asia, will have a negative effect on water supplies in the region over the next few decades (Barnett et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spatial and temporal variations in air temperature and precipitation in the Chinese Himalayas during the 1971–2007

Yang

Tan

Zhang

2012

Intl Journal of Climatology

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low-to-high and east-to-west warming trends to increase with the latitude and elevation while to decrease with the longitude in the CH, respectively. Annual precipitation increases, but not significantly during the 1971-2007. Seasonal precipitation has no significant trend during the same period, either. Spatial discrepancy of the variations in precipitation is particularly great. It is evident that the climate was significantly warming and drying in the western CH over the past 37 years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spatial and temporal variations in air temperature and precipitation in the Chinese Himalayas during the 1971–2007

Yang

Tan

Zhang

2012

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…level (Ensor, 2014), and to avoid unsuitable implementations that can occur when policies are developed without the engagement of their intended beneficiaries (Pradhan et al, 2014;Raihan et al, 2010). Achieving these types of practical steps has ongoing challenges using traditional participatory methods, with calls for a move to meaningful two-way engagement (Dube & Sekhwela, 2008) leading to ownership, and an enhanced relevance of adaptation action (Sethamo et al, 2020).…”

Section: Vdc#3 (Without Values-based Session)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some local government institutions already have this role for general development actions, but they might not associate it with planning for climate change adaptation. Yet, active local engagement would improve consideration and input of key contextual factors such as the geographic local needs, and knowledge (Pradhan et al, 2014) compared to solely top-down approaches. Thus far, this critical role for local institutions in adaptation planning has not been emphasized: there is instead a general perception of climate change being an 'unknown' topic that only experts from upper government can deal with and lead.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role clarification for local institutions: a missing link in multi-level adaptation planning? Insights from a multiple case study in Botswana

Sethamo¹,

Karlsson-Vinkhuyzen

Harder

2021

Climate and Development

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The meaningful engagement of community-based actors in climate change adaptation planning is crucial for effective plans, but achieving it is an ongoing challenge, even with participatory methods. In this paper we explore very different approach, using shared-values crystallization as a pre-process to standard vulnerability risk assessments (VRAs), which recently reported significant impacts on plans produced. We posit this could be due to learning via changed local perceptions of roles, and we use multiple-case study work with five Village Development Committees (VDCs) in North East District, Botswana, and examine VRA outputs, and pre-and post-VRA interview transcripts, for evidence. Findings indicate that VDC members who took part in the shared-values pre-process significantly clarified and prioritized their general roles, and subsequently engaged more deeply in the planning process, taking more responsibility and ownership for the final adaptation plans. They related climate risks to their local lived-realities better, producing quality action plans, funding innovations and mainstreaming of adaptation into wider local plans, alongside an eagerness to present ideas to higher-governance levels. These findings suggest the shared-values pre-process could be immediately valuable for multilevel adaptation planning practices, and that the concept of role clarification deserves more specific consideration in academic studies on participation.

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“…The planning process could be top-down or bottom-up, but adaptation planning should take place in an interface of top-down and bottom-up approaches (Pradhan et al 2014). In most cases, communities in the region are already adapting to changes, including climate change.…”

Section: Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the Effectiveness of Policy Implementation at the Local Level: A Case Study of Management of the 2009–2010 Drought in Yunnan Province, China

Pradhan

et al. 2017

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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Several research efforts have focused primarily on policy implementation and improving innovative actions to address disaster risks. Discussions are ongoing on how to measure the effectiveness of policy implementation at the local level. But there is no definitive theory of effective policy implementation, and very few frameworks have been found acceptable as the basis of an analysis of the effectiveness of policy implementation, especially on droughts. Based on the 2009-2010 extreme drought in Yunnan, China, this article presents a modified framework to assess the effectiveness of policy implementation by defining policy, practice, and performance, as well as a feedback loop by which to share the lessons learned. Water conservancy projects in Luliang County and the agricultural diversity program in Longyang County in Yunnan Province were analyzed from a farmers' perspective. It was found that farmers are highly dependent on government policies and projects, and the effectiveness of policies is measured by short-term, immediate, and tangible benefits rather than long-term adaptation strategies. The results highlight the urgent need to reduce risks by developing better awareness about climate change and drought and its impacts, increased understanding of drought hazards, and implementation of appropriate measures for long-term adaptation.

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6. The role of policies and institutions in adaptation planning: experiences from the Hindu Kush Himalaya

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Spatial and temporal variations in air temperature and precipitation in the Chinese Himalayas during the 1971–2007

Spatial and temporal variations in air temperature and precipitation in the Chinese Himalayas during the 1971–2007

Role clarification for local institutions: a missing link in multi-level adaptation planning? Insights from a multiple case study in Botswana

Analyzing the Effectiveness of Policy Implementation at the Local Level: A Case Study of Management of the 2009–2010 Drought in Yunnan Province, China

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