6‐Shogaol improves behavior and memory in Wistar rats prenatally exposed to lipopolysaccharide

Abstract

Objective 6‐Shogaol, bioactive compound of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, has anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. The objective of the present study was to verify the effect of 6‐shogaol on behavioral parameters in a preclinical model based on a maternal immune activation (MIA) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methodology Twelve pregnant Wistar rats received 100‐μg/kg LPS or saline solution on gestational day (GD) 9.5. Male offspring participated in the study and in the postnatal day (PND) 30 and 55 were supplemented with 6‐shogaol or saline solution, by gavage at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, orally for 5 days. In the PND 35 and 60 was performed the behavioral tests: grooming, crossing, and rearing that evaluated repetitive movements, anxiety, and interest in the new, respectively, and the inhibitory avoidance test that evaluated short‐term (STM) and long‐term memory (LTM). Result Prenatal exposure to LPS increased the grooming and crossing episodes at different ages and reduced rearing episodes in PND 37. Treatment with 6‐shogaol reversed these parameters. In the inhibitory avoidance test, an improvement of memory was identified with 6‐shogaol in the STM and LTM at both ages comparing training and test session of treated groups and between groups. Conclusion Administration of 6‐shogaol reverses the stereotypy, exploratory behavior, and memory impairment in prenatal LPS‐exposed offspring, acting as a promising therapeutic component against brain disorders associated with the process of MIA.

LACK OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PRENATAL IMMUNE ACTIVATION AND Δ9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL EXPOSURE DURING ADOLESCENCE IN BEHAVIOURS RELEVANT TO SYMPTOM DIMENSIONS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA IN RATS

“…MIA was associated with deficits in these two cognitive domains. Working memory, as assessed in the Y maze, was impaired in the offspring exposed to MIA, which is in agreement with similar alterations documented before (da Rosa et al, 2022; Wischhof et al, 2015). Interestingly, this effect was restricted to the male offspring, as previously reported by our laboratory, when we used a T maze to explore working memory (Santos-Toscano et al, 2016).…”

Development of Novel Herbal Compound Formulations Targeting Neuroinflammation: Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Verification

“…Network pharmacology is a computational and mathematical model integrating literature, experimental data, and the computational sciences [ 37 ]. Recently, it has been developed to demonstrate the multitargeted actions of components in combination therapy [ 38 ]. This method can identify the key bioactive compounds from a complex formulation, elucidate the gene targets associated with the disease, and build the network of the bioactive compounds, gene targets, and associated signaling pathways [ 39 ].…”

“…Network pharmacology is usually followed by molecular docking, which can determine the binding affinity between the key bioactive and associated protein target and partly validate the predicted mode of action of the bioactive compound from the network pharmacology analysis [ 40 ]. In addition, mathematical modelling, such as combination index (CI), is widely used to quantify the interaction of drug combinations (i.e., synergistic or antagonistic) on a specific biological target based on the experimental results [ 38 , 41 ].…”