6-kyr record of flood frequency and intensity in the western Mediterranean Alps – Interplay of solar and temperature forcing

Sabatier, Pierre; Wilhelm, Bruno; Ficetola, Gentile Francesco; Moiroux, F.; Poulenard, Jérôme; Develle, Anne‐Lise; Bichet, Adeline; Chen, Wentao; Pignol, Cécile; Reyss, Jean-Louis; Gielly, Ludovic; Bajard, Manon; Perrette, Yves; Malet, Emmanuel; Taberlet, Pierre; Arnaud, Fabien

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.06.019

Cited by 63 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Instrumental as well as historical [2] data clearly suggest that extreme rainfall events are increasing in the northern Apennines, in good agreement with the international literature [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. This trend will, unfortunately, most likely be confirmed, and our case studies/observations suggest that there might be consequences also for the biodiversity, structure, and function of mountain freshwater ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Furthermore, changes in the hydrological cycle of the Alps and Apennines are not only due to extreme events that increase in frequency and intensity [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], but also to heat waves and droughts, which are increasingly intense and prolonged, respectively. The combined action of these two factors can and will have important effects on the biodiversity of mountain surface and groundwater environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meteorological events characterized by extreme rainfall intensity have recently struck the hilly and mountainous territory of the northern Apennines (Italy) [1,2] and the Emilia-Romagna region in particular [3][4][5], as well as many other geographic areas of the world [6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting Extreme-Precipitation Effects on the Geomorphology of Small Mountain Catchments: Towards an Improved Understanding of the Consequences for Freshwater Biodiversity and Ecosystems

Segadelli¹,

Grazzini

Adorni³

et al. 2019

Water

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In 2015 an intense rainfall event hit the Valleys of the Trebbia, Nure, and Aveto watercourses in the Northern Apennines. In about 6 h a mesoscale convective system deployed a stunning amount of precipitation of 340 mm, with an extreme hourly rainfall intensity of >100 mm/h. It triggered debris flows along slopes and stream channels, landslides and floods, which caused serious damages. Through the optimal combination of rainfall data and radar volumes, in this work we present a detailed rainfall analysis, which will serve as a basis to create a quantitative correlation with debris flows over elementary hydrological units. We aim at providing an objective basis for future predictions, starting from the recognition of the forcing meteorological events, and then arriving at the prediction of triggering phenomena and to the debris-flow type. We further provide seven observations/case studies on the effects of extreme-precipitation events on freshwater environments in small mountain catchments. Extreme-precipitation events are becoming more frequent and widespread globally but their ecological effects are still insufficiently understood. In general, the effects of extreme events on inland-waters’ ecosystems are highly context-dependent, ranging from deleterious to beneficial. We therefore highlight the necessity of further studies to characterize these effects in more depth to be able to include appropriate mitigation measures in environmental planning and stewardship.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting Extreme-Precipitation Effects on the Geomorphology of Small Mountain Catchments: Towards an Improved Understanding of the Consequences for Freshwater Biodiversity and Ecosystems

Segadelli¹,

Grazzini

Adorni³

et al. 2019

Water

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“…Indeed, the LIA is a colder and wetter period presenting high flood activity while the MWP is a drier and warmer period with low flood activity ( Fig. 7; Sabatier et al, 2017;Vannière et al, 2013; A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T al., 2013). However, the SEB10 flood chronicle shows the exact opposite, with high and low flood activity occurring during the MWP and the LIA, respectively.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene-long record of flood frequency in the Southern Alps (Lake Iseo, Italy) under human and climate forcing

Rapuc

Sabatier

Arnaud

et al. 2019

Global and Planetary Change

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Develle, et al.. Holocene-long record of flood frequency in the Southern Alps (Lake Iseo, Italy) under human and climate forcing. Global and Planetary Change, Elsevier, 2019, pp.Abstract A high-resolution sedimentological and geochemical analysis of a 21 m sediment sequence of Lake Iseo (Southern Alps, Italy) allowed for the reconstruction of the long-term flood frequency by visual identification of the event layers over the last 12 kyr cal BP. In a previous study that was undertaken on another sediment core from Lake Iseo, these layers were attributed to extreme surface runoff events. However, in this former core, large mass-wasting deposits that induce significant hiatuses did not permit a continuous record of flood events to be established. Such disturbances were absent in the core studied in the present paper. This permitted to establish a high-resolution continuous Holocene record. Based on the flood chronicle and sedimentological and XRF geochemical analyses, ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P Twe found evidence of a major palaeohydrological transition at approximately 3.8 kyr cal BP, which was previously described as occurring in the western Mediterranean region. The oldest part of the record indeed presents a very low frequency of flood events (< 1 flood/century), while after 4 kyr cal BP, the flood frequency increased. This pattern appears to be in agreement with other Southern Alpine paleo flood records. The transition is interpreted as a nonlinear climate response to the orbital-driven gradual decrease in summer insolation at 60°N, which together with the influence of the Mediterranean mesoscale precipitation events, is typical for the Mediterranean climate. However, the comparison of the flood record with the archaeological and historical data from the watershed suggests that human activity during the Roman period in the vicinity of the main tributaries also influenced the flood frequency. Even in a large Alpine lake and more than 2000 years ago, extreme precipitation events that were recorded through the sedimentation process can hence be impacted by the anthropization of the catchment area pointing the requirement of deeper studies of Earth surface critical zone pluri-millennial dynamics.

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“…Printer-friendly version Discussion paper large grain size variation related to flood events (Sabatier et al, 2017;Wilhelm et al, 2015) Âż Page 6, l. 19-20: I agree that chlorite and illite display an increasing trend throughout the record, but kaolinite seems to first increase between 100 and 50 meters, before varying around its average value between 50 and 20 meters. How do you explain this discrepancy between clay minerals?…”

Section: Interactive Commentmentioning

confidence: 87%

'Anonymous Referee #2

Sabatier¹

2019

Preprint

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We acknowledge the anonymous referee#2 for this constructive review. We revised it in detail as described below from the document in supplementary which summurize major and minor coments. detailed Comments: Page 1, l. 27: The term "long-term" may be a bit confusing. I would recommend the authors to clearly specify in the manuscript what they mean by using "long-term" In the same phrase me precise Âń Millennial Âż

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6-kyr record of flood frequency and intensity in the western Mediterranean Alps – Interplay of solar and temperature forcing

Cited by 63 publications

References 89 publications

Predicting Extreme-Precipitation Effects on the Geomorphology of Small Mountain Catchments: Towards an Improved Understanding of the Consequences for Freshwater Biodiversity and Ecosystems

Predicting Extreme-Precipitation Effects on the Geomorphology of Small Mountain Catchments: Towards an Improved Understanding of the Consequences for Freshwater Biodiversity and Ecosystems

Holocene-long record of flood frequency in the Southern Alps (Lake Iseo, Italy) under human and climate forcing

'Anonymous Referee #2

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