6 GHz microstrip patch antennas with PEDOT and polypyrrole conducting polymers

Verma, Akhilesh; Weng, Bo; Shepherd, Roderick; Truong, Van-Tan; Wallace, Gordon G.; Bates, B.

doi:10.1109/iceaa.2010.5651030

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…In this paper we chose to use stretchable ECAs as the stretchable conductive material. The ECAs feature a higher conductivity (1.51×10 6 Sm -1 ) than most previously reported stretchable conductors [8,9]. More importantly, the conductivity of ECAs is as high as 1.11×10 5 Sm -1 at a strain of 240% and remains almost invariant over 500 cycles of stretching at 100% applied strain [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…A commonly used approach is to maintain the conventional circuit layout but embed stretchable or flowable conductive materials, such as conductive polymers [8] conductive polymer composites [9], and liquid metal alloys [10] as stretchable conductive lines. In this paper we chose to use stretchable ECAs as the stretchable conductive material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel strain sensor based on 3D printing technology and 3D antenna design

Le¹,

Song

Liu³

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE 65th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC)

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The additive manufacturing technique of 3D printing has become increasingly popular for time-consuming and complex designs. Due to the special mechanical properties of commercial NinjaFlex filament [1] and in-house-made electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs) [2], there is great potential for the 3D printed RF applications, such as strain sensors and flexible, wearable RF devices. This paper presents the flexible 3D printed strain sensor, as a 3D dipole antenna of ECA stretchable conductor on 3D printed Ninjaflex filament .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel strain sensor based on 3D printing technology and 3D antenna design

Le¹,

Song

Liu³

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE 65th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC)

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“…The first utilizes conventional rigid materials, but employs elegantly designed wavy or arc‐shaped structures that are capable of accommodating applied strains of 100% or more . The second approach is to maintain the conventional circuit layout, but embed stretchable or flowable conductive materials, such as conductive polymers, conductive polymer composites, and liquid metal alloys as stretchable conduction lines. For antennas, this second approach is usually preferred because of its relative simplicity in circuit design and fabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of a Printable, Highly Conductive Silicone‐based Electrically Conductive Adhesive for Stretchable Radio‐Frequency Antennas

et al. 2014

Adv Funct Materials

120

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wileyonlinelibrary.comfl exible nature, impossible within the confi nes of rigid and planar substrates. Stretchable RF electronics not only enable applications in which circuits can be wrapped conformally around complex curvilinear shapes or biological tissues, such as in body-worn wireless sensor nodes, [ 1,2 ] and wearable radio frequency identifi cation (RFID) tags, [ 3 ] but also allow facile tuning of the resonant frequency by mechanical deformation. [ 4,5 ] However, the fi eld of stretchable RF electronics is still in its infancy, and like other emerging electronic technologies, new materials and processing methods are the two driving forces for their ever-improving development and performance.There are currently two general approaches to the fabrication of stretchable electronics. The fi rst utilizes conventional rigid materials, but employs elegantly designed wavy or arc-shaped structures that are capable of accommodating applied strains of 100% or more. [ 2,6,7 ] The second approach is to maintain the conventional circuit layout, but embed stretchable or fl owable conductive materials, such as conductive polymers, [ 8,9 ] conductive polymer composites, [ 10 ] and liquid metal alloys [ 4,11 ] as stretchable conduction lines. For antennas, this second approach is usually preferred because of its relative simplicity in circuit design and fabrication. However, this approach imposes stringent requirements for the conductive materials, including 1) high electrical conductivity to achieve high-effi ciency for the RF devices; [ 9 ] and 2) high elasticity to provide a tunable resonant frequency, [ 4 ] and 3) maintaining a similar electrical conductivity under applied strain. Conductive polymers and carbon-based conductive composites have conductivities at least three orders of magnitude lower than those of metals, leading to an inferior electrical effi ciency values; [ 9 ] and liquid metal alloys usually present the fundamental problems of a high freezing temperature (limiting their usage in cold weather), thermal expansion coeffi cient mismatch with dielectric substrates, and a tendency towards leakage. [ 4 ] Here we report the use of stretchable silicone-based electrically conductive adhesives (silo-ECAs) as conductor and pure silicone elastomers as substrate for the fabrication of stretchable antennas. Silicone rubbers feature a unique combination of high elasticity, biocompatibility, [ 12 ] patternability, [ 13 ] and low Stretchable radio-frequency electronics are gaining popularity as a result of the increased functionality they gain through their fl exible nature, impossible within the confi nes of rigid and planar substrates. One approach to fabricating stretchable antennas is to embed stretchable or fl owable conductive materials, such as conductive polymers, conductive polymer composites, and liquid metal alloys as stretchable conduction lines. However, these conductive materials face many challenges, such as low electrical conductivity under mechanical deformation and delamination from substrates. I...

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“…Thus these are very attractive materials for conformal applications which require antenna characteristics including flexibility, light weight and low cost. Some polymer-based narrow band patch antennas using polyaniline (Pani) [6], polypyrrole (PPy) [7] and poly 3, 4-ethylenedioxthiophene (PEDOT) [8] as well as some Ultra-Wideband (UWB) antennas using the latter two materials [9] have been previously reported, showing limitations in mechanical flexibility and efficiency. However, these reports have indicated the promising potential of conductive polymers as antenna materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact, Highly Efficient and Flexible Polymer Ultra-Wideband Antenna

Chen

Kaufmann

Shepherd

et al. 2015

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

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A compact, highly efficient and flexible ultrawideband antenna operating from 3 to 20 GHz is proposed in this letter. The antenna is completely made from polymer comprising a patterned conductive polymer (PEDOT) thin film attached to a transparent sticky tape substrate. The overall dimension is less than a quarter-wavelength at the lowest frequency of operation and the device reaches a radiation efficiency of over 85% averaged throughout the frequency band. The antenna performs well under various bending conditions as demonstrated by measurements. The realized antenna offers great mechanical flexibility and robustness which indicates its promising potential for possible seamless integration in flexible electronics.

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6 GHz microstrip patch antennas with PEDOT and polypyrrole conducting polymers

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

A novel strain sensor based on 3D printing technology and 3D antenna design

A novel strain sensor based on 3D printing technology and 3D antenna design

Rational Design of a Printable, Highly Conductive Silicone‐based Electrically Conductive Adhesive for Stretchable Radio‐Frequency Antennas

A Compact, Highly Efficient and Flexible Polymer Ultra-Wideband Antenna

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