“…ACEIs are contraindicated during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to well-recognized congenital malformations, such as the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) blockade syndrome [2,3]. Most part of guidelines and studies contraindicate ACEI use during the first trimester of pregnancy [5,6]. Nevertheless, actual risks are not fully cleared in literature, especially because hypertension represents an isolated risk factor for malformations, and in some of those studies the sample presented comorbidities such as diabetes, which were important confounding factor in the analysis of fetal outcomes risk [3,[7][8][9].…”
“…ACEIs are contraindicated during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to well-recognized congenital malformations, such as the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) blockade syndrome [2,3]. Most part of guidelines and studies contraindicate ACEI use during the first trimester of pregnancy [5,6]. Nevertheless, actual risks are not fully cleared in literature, especially because hypertension represents an isolated risk factor for malformations, and in some of those studies the sample presented comorbidities such as diabetes, which were important confounding factor in the analysis of fetal outcomes risk [3,[7][8][9].…”
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