5G/NGPON Evolution and Convergence: Developing on Spatial Multiplexing of Optical Fiber Links for 5G Infrastructures

Λάγκας, Θωμάς; Klonidis, Dimitrios; Sarigiannidis, Panagiotis; Tomkos, Ioannis

doi:10.1080/01468030.2020.1725184

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Over the past few decades, optical fibers have contributed to the rapid development of optical communications with their unique properties, including ultrahigh aspect ratio, large bandwidth, high-speed light transmission, high mechanical robustness, and immunity to electromagnetic interference . They have replaced cables and are widely applied as the transmission medium for light signals in fiber-to-the-home networks, metropolitan area networks, backbone networks, and transoceanic communications . However, the conversion of light information processing and storage into electrical signals by using photosensors or photoreceptors causes significant data latency and circuit complexity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-Fiber Synapse Utilizing Phase Change Materials for Information Recognition and Processing

Li,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Photonics

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Optical fiber has been widely used in telecommunication networks due to its inherent advantages of considerable bandwidth and ultrahigh-speed light transmission. However, it only serves as the transmission medium and cannot identify and process data directly in the fiber. One solution is to simulate neuromorphic functions directly in fibers. Here, Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 -assisted all-fiber synapses are proposed for information recognition and processing. The synaptic spike-timing-dependent plasticity, an important synaptic learning rule in Hebbian theory, can be mimicked by controlling the taper extension of the tapered fiber and integrating Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 on its waist. The designed all-fiber synapse interacts efficiently with Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 to alter light transmission, expressed as the synaptic weight. This synapse exhibits 10-level weight, 22% transmission contrast ratio, and 180 ns fast switching time for a single pulse. Additionally, the character recognition and arithmetic operation functions are demonstrated based on the proposed all-fiber synapses, inspiring a new paradigm for in-fiber processing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-Fiber Synapse Utilizing Phase Change Materials for Information Recognition and Processing

Li,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Photonics

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“…The growing demand for electronic equipment and online information processing − has brought attention to the limitations − of modern computing systems that rely on the von Neumann architecture. The development of photonic technology has led to the exploration of all-photon computing systems that use memristive devices. − Phase change materials (PCMs) are ideal for creating a fully photonics-based programming platform − because of their programmability, nonvolatility, and ability to achieve speeds up to 200 ns for all-photon computing .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Nonvolatile Bipolar Optical Fiber Memory Based on Phase Change Materials

Sun,

Li,

Qin

et al. 2023

ACS Photonics

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Developing an optical fiber storage platform that integrates storage and computation poses a challenge. This article presents a bipolar memory that incorporates phase change materials by combining two tapered fibers with a microsphere. The state of Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 is altered by modulating an external laser, resulting in repeatable or randomly accessible five-level data storage. Multistage writing is achieved using a 532 nm pump laser and laser energy levels ranging from 0.423 to 1.206 mJ, while a 793 nm continuous wave laser with an average power of 4 to 11 mW completes the multistage reset. The bipolar memory demonstrates nonvolatility, high signal-to-noise ratio, excellent repeatability, 75 ns write response time, 180 ns reset response time, and 18 dB contrast. Furthermore, we develop a continuous programming platform using quaternary ASCII coding as an alternative to English letters. The bipolar memory can implement the synaptic weight update mechanism within the neural network system's synapses, thereby showcasing excellent data storage, programming, and neural network computing potential.

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“…The reason behind this increased focus on OSDM is that enhancement of transmission capacity due to multiplexing in time, phase, polarization, and wavelength domains have almost reached the saturation level and the spatial domain is thus considered as the possible choice remaining for the capacity enhancement. [1][2][3][4][5][6] To handle this capacity crunch, OSDM necessitates the design of novel fibers, such as multi core fiber (MCF) and few mode fiber (FMF). As the name implies, MCF has several cores within the same cladding and the cores can be designed to support either single mode or more than one mode, known as few mode multi core fiber (FM-MCF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and analysis of multi core fiber with 2 × 3 supermodes for high spatial density optical links

Kingsta¹,

Selvakumari²

2022

Opt. Eng.

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We present the design of uncoupled-coupled group multi core fiber (U-CG-MCF) with 125-μm cladding diameter for high spatial density optical space division multiplexing links. Design approaches used for uncoupled MCF and coupled MCF are combined in the proposed design that has two groups of cores. All the three cores that belong to same group have strong coupling among them and form supermodes. As the number of cores involved in strong coupling is less than the total number of six cores and coupling is suppressed between cores in adjacent groups, the receiver complexity will be minimal for the proposed fiber. Trench-assisted heterogeneous core group profiles are used in this work to suppress the crosstalk between similar supermodes in adjacent core groups and to reduce the core group separation. Coupling coefficient in the order of 10 −3 per meter is achieved at 1.55-μm wavelength for all the supermodes with a small core group separation of 34 μm. Simulation results promise the applicability of the proposed 125-μm U-CG-MCF with minimum receiver complexity for future high spatial density optical links in C and L wavelength bands.

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5G/NGPON Evolution and Convergence: Developing on Spatial Multiplexing of Optical Fiber Links for 5G Infrastructures

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

All-Fiber Synapse Utilizing Phase Change Materials for Information Recognition and Processing

All-Fiber Synapse Utilizing Phase Change Materials for Information Recognition and Processing

A Nonvolatile Bipolar Optical Fiber Memory Based on Phase Change Materials

Design and analysis of multi core fiber with 2 × 3 supermodes for high spatial density optical links

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