5G mm-Wave Link Range Estimation Based on Over-the-Air Measured System EVM Performance

Leinonen, Marko E.; Tervo, Nuutti; Jokinen, Markku; Kursu, Olli; Pärssinen, Aarno

doi:10.1109/mwsym.2019.8701128

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(11 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These results support the findings of refs. [10,11], where four different regions are defined, and the optimum EVM can be found. Moreover, the system's EVM is slightly affected by the Tx gain within the optimum range, as demonstrated in ref.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

OTA testing of near‐field and far‐field communication links

Korunur Engiz,

Lodro,

Greedy

et al. 2023

Electronics Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, near‐field and far‐field link measurement in metal enclosure environment is performed. The performance of near‐field and far‐field links are assessed using key performance indicators such as error vector magnitude, bit error rate, and signal‐to‐noise ratio. The metal enclosure is placed in an anechoic chamber, ensuring a stationary measurement environment. There are no external interference sources and the results are a function of near‐field and far‐field scenarios and hardware impairments. In measurements, software‐defined radios used for the transmission and reception of image data using the long‐term evolution‐advanced physical layer. Based on the results of the study, an optimum gain region can be determined where better key performance indicators are achieved. Furthermore, the frequency selectivity of the channel is reduced within the determined optimum gain region, leading to an improvement in the system's performance.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

OTA testing of near‐field and far‐field communication links

Korunur Engiz,

Lodro,

Greedy

et al. 2023

Electronics Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The gain of the RX can be lowered 15 dB from the maximum RX gain without a significant increase to NF of the whole receiver, as shown in Fig. 3 [10]. Effects of component to component variations to the NF of the array receiver based on component specification limits is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Implemented 5g Mmw Radio Supporting 28 Ghzmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The system EVM values were measured from the boresight direction of the radio unit without beam steering in our previous work [10]. The measured system EVM can be converted into expected link range, which is one-dimensional metric.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

System EVM Characterization and Coverage Area Estimation of 5G Directive mmW Links

Leinonen

Jokinen

Tervo

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RF performance of 5G new radio (NR) millimeter wave (mmW) system will be characterized over-the-air (OTA) in 3GPP 5G NR performance and type approval testing. Total system Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) performance has not been standardized in 3GPP since mobile and base stations are certified separately. In this paper, we extend the OTA measured system EVM concept to cover EVM performance testing with beam steering for 5G mmW radio link. We show that the OTA measured system EVM inside of an electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) chamber can be directly converted to an expected link range, and this has been verified with outdoor measurements. The EVM measurements are performed for a set of beamforming directions to form an expected coverage area. The OTA measured system EVM results confirm that the 5G mmW Proof-of-Concept radio supports 5G NR 16-QAM and 64-QAM modulations as well as 256-QAM modulation, which is currently specified for sub-6 GHz, only. The maximum estimated range of the 5G PoC mmW link is 840 m with 16-QAM modulation and 150 m with 256-QAM modulation. The estimated cell coverage with ±15 degrees beam steering varies from 205 000 m2 to 6 500 m2 using 16-QAM and 256-QAM modulations, respectively. Usable beam width (BW) of the transceiver array is dependent on the system EVM requirement. It varies based on modulation, coding, and link distance. This phenomenon is called cell breathing, which is similar to any cellular system with adaptive coding techniques, although BW might be much narrower in 5G mmW systems.

show abstract

“…As the EVM of the nonlinear system is dependent on power, the EVM is traditionally characterized with maximum transmit power i.e. at the cell edge [24]. 3GPP/NR FR2 Tx EVM requirements of different modulations are collected to the Table 1.…”

Section: Phased Array Figures Of Merit Of Linearity a Beamformedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Predistortion Concepts for Linearization of mmW Phased Array Transmitters

Tervo

Jokinen

Leinonen

et al. 2019

2019 16th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS)

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Linearization of millimeter-wave (mmW) phased arrays is one of the key enablers for improving the system performance in terms of power, efficiency and linearity. However, phased array transceiver topologies that have multiple parallel nonlinear components with a shared digital input challenge the standard digital predistortion techniques. In addition, different analogue beamforming techniques complicate the linearization even further due to the fact that the signal nonlinearity has to be observed or modelled over-the-air (OTA) together with the impacts of antennas and even the directive mmW radio channel. The best linearization strategy depends on the system level targets of linearity such as error vector magnitude and adjacent channel power ratio which have slightly different nature when observed in the radiated far-field. In this paper, we present our view and the status of the literature on the topic of phased array digital predistortion. We highlight that the nonlinear distortion have a beam shape which may be different from the linear part of the beam. We also review the antenna array figures of merit describing the nonlinearity. Finally, we show an experimental example of OTA linearization of a 28 GHz phased array transmitter.

show abstract

5G mm-Wave Link Range Estimation Based on Over-the-Air Measured System EVM Performance

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

OTA testing of near‐field and far‐field communication links

OTA testing of near‐field and far‐field communication links

System EVM Characterization and Coverage Area Estimation of 5G Directive mmW Links

Digital Predistortion Concepts for Linearization of mmW Phased Array Transmitters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About