5G-Enabled Autonomous Driving Demonstration with a V2X Scenario-in-the-Loop Approach

Abstract

Autonomous vehicles are at the forefront of interest due to the expectations of changing transportation for the better. In order to make better decisions on the road, vehicles use information from various sources: their own sensors, messages arriving from surrounding vehicles and objects, as well as from centralized entities—including their own Digital Twin. Certain decisions require the information to arrive with low latency and some of this information (such as video) requires broadband communication. Furthermore, the vehicles can populate an area, so they can represent mass communication endpoints that still need low latency and massive broadband. The mobility of the vehicles obviously requires the complete coverage of the roads with reliable wireless communication technologies fulfilling the previously mentioned needs. The fifth generation of cellular mobile technologies, 5G, addresses these requirements. The current paper presents real-life scenarios—on the M86 highway and the ZalaZONE proving ground in Hungary—for the demonstration of vehicular communication with 5G support, where the cars exchange sensor and control information with each other, their environment, and their Digital Twins. The demonstrations were carried out through the Scenario-in-the-Loop (SciL) methodology, where some of the actionable triggers were not physically present around the vehicles, but sensed or simulated around their Digital Twin. The measurements around the demonstrations aim to reveal the feasibility of the 5G Non-Standalone Architecture for certain communication scenarios, and they mainly aim to reveal the current latency and throughput limitations under real-life conditions.

Motorway Measurement Campaign to Support R&D Activities in the Field of Automated Driving Technologies

“…The more detailed evaluation of the related 5G measurement results has been included in the meantime in another work of ours [ 13 ].…”

“…When using the terminology of a recent V2X testing survey [11], our paper covers V2X performance testing (especially latency testing) that involves vehicle gateway testing. Nevertheless, the major achievement here is presenting how live field-testing has been planned and executed in order to evoke further, digital-twin-based validations through Vehicle-in-the-Loop (ViL) [5,12] or Scenario-in-the-Loop (SciL) [13] methodologies. The concepts and perspectives of ViL and SciL have been summarized well by [14].…”

5G Campus Networks: A First Measurement Study

“…Numerous emerging technological paradigms, such as Industry 4.0 [1]- [3], Internet of Things (IoT) [4]- [6], and self-driving vehicles [7]- [10], require reliable low-latency communication that is untethered from cables [11], [12]. Proponents of these new technological paradigms have often deferred the provisioning of these required reliable lowlatency wireless communication services to the 5th Gener-ation (5G) mobile communication standard developed by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) [13]- [15].…”

Traffic Signal Control via Reinforcement Learning for Reducing Global Vehicle Emission

“…The management of the collected large amount of data is also can be done in several ways. Still, a promising contender is V2X communication combined with 5G [48], thanks to its short latency. This paper tries to create a representation and a rewarding system that supports realworld implementation through easily accessible features.…”