56 GBaud PAM-4 100 Km Transmission System With Photonic Processing Schemes

Reservoir-computing and neural-network-based equalization for short reach communication

“…Reports in the literature have been considering either digital RC [13,16,17] or moving part of the complexity in the optical domain with optoelectronics RC [14,15]. The use of optoelectronics approaches could provide an advantage in terms of power consumption, however, the two main proposed schemes (on-chip photonic RC [14] and delay-based RC [15]) face challenges in terms of fabrication tolerances (precise delay tuning, [14,15]) and operating speed (upsampling required for masking [15]). Finally, more recently, optical pre-processing with specially designed receiver front-ends has been considered to provide a more suitable signal in input to the equalizer.…”

High-Speed Reservoir Computing Based on Circular-Side Hexagonal Resonator Microlaser with Optical Feedback

“…The performance of the system for this task is usually evaluated using symbol error rate (SER), which is defined as follows: SER = N error N all (10) where N error represents the sum of the output error data after passing through the system, and N all is the sum of the input data. When SER ≤ 0.01, the classification performance of the system is considered to be good [32].…”

“…At present, delay-based RCs are implemented in hardware based on electrical [5], optoelectronic [6][7][8] and photonic topologies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Meanwhile, semiconductor lasers have become ideal candidates for nonlinear nodes, due to their advantages of high speed and low power consumption in optical information processing.…”