2003
DOI: 10.1002/ange.200330056
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

50 Jahre Ziegler‐Katalysatoren: Werdegang und Folgen einer Erfindung

Abstract: Im Oktober 1953 gelang im Max‐Planck‐Institut für Kohlenforschung in Mülheim an der Ruhr ein Experiment, das die chemische Industrie bis in die Gegenwart entscheidend geprägt hat: die katalytische Polymerisation von Ethylen unter Normaldruck mit den damals als Mülheimer Mischkatalysatoren bekannten Komponenten. Geschildert wird die Geschichte einer Entdeckung, die zum einen dem Zufall, zum anderen aber einer akribischen Analyse auch scheinbar gescheiterter Experimente zu verdanken ist.

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
2
1
1

Citation Types

0
8
0
3

Year Published

2007
2007
2016
2016

Publication Types

Select...
5
3

Relationship

0
8

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 31 publications
(11 citation statements)
references
References 28 publications
0
8
0
3
Order By: Relevance
“…[9] For over half a century this reaction has formed the basis of large scale industrial production of ethylene oligomers, with the advantage that a relatively narrow and controllable Poisson distribution of chain lengths results. [10] The analogous Aufbau reaction with acet- (2)] is unknown, although this reaction was apparently attempted by Ziegler. More detailed studies followed from Wilke, who showed that acetylene ceases to react after one insertion, leading to Et 2 AlA C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (CH=CHEt).…”
mentioning
confidence: 98%
“…[9] For over half a century this reaction has formed the basis of large scale industrial production of ethylene oligomers, with the advantage that a relatively narrow and controllable Poisson distribution of chain lengths results. [10] The analogous Aufbau reaction with acet- (2)] is unknown, although this reaction was apparently attempted by Ziegler. More detailed studies followed from Wilke, who showed that acetylene ceases to react after one insertion, leading to Et 2 AlA C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (CH=CHEt).…”
mentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Vor allem aber erhielt die anorganische Chemie Mitte der 1950er Jahre mächtigen Aufwind durch die Entdeckung der Metallocene, wie dem Ferrocen; [223] die Pionierarbeiten von Geoffrey Wilkinson und Ernst O. Fischer wurden 1973 mit dem Nobelpreis gewürdigt. [224] Ebenfalls 1955 berichtete Karl Ziegler über "Das Mülheimer Normaldruck-Polyäthylen-Verfahren", [225] und seine bahnbrechenden Entwicklungen gemeinsam mit Giulio Natta [226] ("Ziegler-Natta-Verfahren") wurden bereits 1963 mit dem Nobelpreis geehrt. Im Heft 16 des Jahres 1955 publizierten Ziegler und seine Mitarbeiter eine Folge von sieben Zuschriften, darunter je eine zur Herstellung der Aluminiumalkyle [227a] und zur Olefinpolymerisation.…”
Section: F Diederichunclassified
“…With the exception of the low-density polyethylene (LDPE), which is made by a high temperature/high pressure radical process, the other types of polyolefins are produced by using either homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts operating at relatively low temperatures (353-453 K) and pressures (< 50 bar). Basically, three main classes of olefin polymerization catalysts can be distinguished: i) the Ziegler-Natta heterogeneous catalysts, [124][125][126][127][128][129][130] ii) the Phillips-type heterogeneous catalysts, [131][132][133][134][135][136] and iii) the single-site homogeneous catalysts (or supported homogeneous catalysts), such as metallocene catalysts. [137,138] Since the 1950s, most of the important polymers have been made by using catalysts with only limited control over the range of lengths of the polymer chains (low product selectivity), as well as over other structural features that govern the properties of the material.…”
Section: Olefin Polymerization Catalysts: Structureactivity-selectivimentioning
confidence: 99%