5 The Digital Exploration of Maya Hieroglyphic Writing and Language

Prager, Christian M.; Grube, Nikolai; Brodhun, Maximilian; Diederichs, Katja; Diehr, Franziska; Gronemeyer, Sven; Wagner, Elisabeth

doi:10.1515/9783110607208-006

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“…In this article, we presented a new 3D model, line drawing, and nearly complete reading of Stela 3 from Sacul; and we used GIS analysis to infer something about the geography of the war discussed on that stela and its companion monument, Ixkun Stela 2. This work adds to the growing list of cases in which 3D documentation of ancient texts affected by erosion or obscured by microflora has been able to recover information not readily accessible with the unaided eye (e.g., Helmke et al 2022; Prager et al 2020; Vepretskii and Beliaev 2020). Despite the occasional exigencies of fieldwork, photogrammetry is an effective, efficient, and inexpensive method for documenting and clarifying such texts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Striking distance: Investigating the epigraphy and geography of a Late Classic Maya war

2023

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We present a photogrammetric model and new line drawing of Sacul Stela 3 at the ancient Maya site of Sacul 1, Guatemala. Although virtually illegible in person and from photographs, the inscription on the eroded stela can largely be read or reconstructed in the 3D model. Our reading confirms a previous argument that the kingdom based at Sacul 1 was attacked in A.D. 779 by forces from the site of Ucanal. Traveling by night, warriors from Sacul retaliated with a raid at dawn next day on an unidentified site and, months later, followed up with an attack on Ucanal itself. The same narrative appears substantially on a well-known monument, Ixkun Stela 2, but there are differences between the two texts which suggest that Sacul and Ixkun had their own sculptors and record-keepers and which offer insights into the implications of verbs (pul, “to burn” and ch'ak, “to chop”) commonly attested in Classic Maya accounts of war. We then present the results of GIS analysis which suggests that the site area of El Rosario (between Sacul 1 and Ucanal) is an appealing candidate for the unidentified site mentioned in the stela text.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Striking distance: Investigating the epigraphy and geography of a Late Classic Maya war

2023

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“…There are extensive academic works on Maya writing. For more details about the history of decipherment of Maya writing in the 19 th and 20 th centuries see discussions inCoe 1992Coe , 2012 for the recent important advances in Maya studies see discussions in Houston and Martin 2016; a detailed overview of language in the Classic Maya script can be found inLaw and Stuart 2017; for a detailed analysis of Mayan portable texts in the Late Preclassic period see Mora-Marín 2001.2 Coe and VanStone 2005: 11; Palka 2010: 225; Stone and Zender 2011: 8; Grube 2012: 845; Houston and Martin 2016: 443; Law and Stuart 2017: 128;Prager et al 2018: 65. 3 Law (2015 argues that corpus of Maya hieroglyphic texts includes ca.…”

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A Comparative Study of the Origins of Chinese and Mesoamerican Writing

Jin

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181 4.2 Zapotec 4.3 Epi-Olmec 204 4.4 Maya 4.5 Discussion 5. Comparison of the origins of early Chinese and Mesoamerican writing 5.1 Writing as an invention 5.2 The nature of early Chinese and Mesoamerican writings 5.3 What was the original purpose or function of writing? 5.4 Re-discussion of stimulus diffusion Conclusion Key to the inscriptions translated Appendixes 1. Chinese dynasties and their chronology 2. Mesoamerican cultural periods Bibliography List of Figures iii List of Figures 1.1-1The reading order of H 14043 front 1.1-2The reading order of H 11506 1.1-3The reading order of H 37986 1.1-4The reading order of H 36975 1.1-5The reading order of the front of H 14002 1.1-6The two forms of the TRIPOD graph on H 11499 front 1.1-7The text of the Yī guǐ 伊簋Photo and illustration of Copan Stucco frieze with ruler's name 1. 2-3Decimal hierarchy of knots (khipus) 1.2-4The alleged "pictographic writing" depicting a climbing goat and plunging overturned horse 2.2-1The SKY and LIGHTNING_BOLT compound hieroglyph on the jar from Tomb U-546, Abydos 2.2-2Seal impressions of Naqada IIc-d 2.2-3The hieroglyph N 24 with a scorpion and N 39 with a falcon in Tomb U-j, Abydos 2.2-4The scorpion sign on labels 141 and 145, Abydos 2.2-5The scorpion sign on clay vessels, Abydos 2.2-6The sign D 32 with a god's name on stone vessels from the 0 th dynasty 2.2-7Incised labels with snake and mountain from Tomb U-j, Abydos 2.2-8Labels with elephant standing on a mountain from Tomb U-j, Abydos 2.2-9The Bull Palette 2.3-1The Hétú 河圖 and Luòshū 洛書 2.3-2Engraved symbols, Hángxiàn 杭縣 2.3-3Graphs on black pottery, Hángxiàn 杭縣 2.3-4The Kānghóu guǐ 康侯簋 and its text 2.4-1The "Landa alphabet" 2.5-1An early Egyptian combination of a logogram and an alphabetic sign 2.5-2The place name on the Bull Palette 2.5-3Polychrome ceramic vessel K5453 3.1-1Engraved turtle shells of Jiǎhú 賈湖 3.1-2The 賈湖 Jiǎhú graphs on bone, stone and pottery vessels 3.1-3Pictographic graphs depicting animals, Shuāngdūn 雙墩 3.1-4Geometric graphs, Shuāngdūn 雙墩 3.1-5Engraved graph of Shuāngdūn 雙墩 (93 zhēngjípǐn 征集品: 3) 3.1-6Black pottery fragment, Lóngqiúzhuāng 龙虯莊 3.2-1Engraved graphs of the Bànpō 半坡 3.2-2Engraved graphs of Jiāngzhài 姜寨 3.2-3Engraved graphs of Mǎqiáo 馬橋 3.2-4Engraved graphs of Hóumǎ Niúcūn 侯馬牛村 3.2-5Engraved graphs of ownership of Pǔmǐzú 普米族 3.2-6Pottery vessel (hú 壺) with graphs, Táosì 陶寺 3.2-7Rubbings of H 33243 and H 33242 3.2-8Pottery fragment WT195H473:3, Wángchénggǎng 王城崗 3.2-9Engraved graphs of Língyánghé 陵陽河 3.2-10Engraved graphs of Dàzhūjiācūn 大朱家村 3.2-11Engraved graphs of Yùchísì 尉遲寺 3.2-12Painted pottery of the Yǎngsháo 仰韶 Culture 3.2-13The painted pottery fragment at Quánhùcūn 泉護村 3.2-14Pottery fragment H1235:2, Dīnggōng 丁公 3.2-15Graphs engraved on the black pot, Nánhú 南湖 3.2-16Graphs on the engraved pot, Wúchéng 吳城 3.3-1Engraved black pot, Chénghú 澄湖 3.3-2The OCTAGONAL_STAR graphs of late Neolithic cultures 3.3-3The jade vessel (yuè 鉞) of the Liángzhǔ 良渚 Culture 3.3-4The engraved pottery vessel hé 盉, Chénghú 澄湖 3.3-5Engraved graphs on jade vessels of...

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Epigraphic Networks in Cross-Cultural Perspective

Cline,

Munson

2023

The Oxford Handbook of Archaeological Network Research

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Inscriptions are a rich and complementary source of information for archaeologists studying ancient societies that developed a system of writing. This chapter addresses some of the ways that social network analysis (SNA) techniques and concepts can be used to analyze ancient inscriptions in order to address wide-ranging topics of interest to archaeologists and historians. By considering the dual nature of texts as artifacts as well as the content of the inscriptions themselves, we discuss how the multi-layered nature of information on text-bearing objects enables innovative network analyses that produce complementary lines of research. Although there is but a handful of case studies that have employed these analytical techniques using epigraphic data, we highlight a few examples to illustrate this approach and outline some directions for future research that will hopefully inspire additional studies. As scholars trained in the classical and anthropological traditions studying ancient Greek and prehispanic Maya societies respectively, we further advocate for increased interdisciplinary dialogue and comparative approaches centered on the application of these and related techniques for studying the growing corpora of digitized texts from all corners of the ancient world.

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5 The Digital Exploration of Maya Hieroglyphic Writing and Language

Cited by 3 publications

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Striking distance: Investigating the epigraphy and geography of a Late Classic Maya war

Striking distance: Investigating the epigraphy and geography of a Late Classic Maya war

A Comparative Study of the Origins of Chinese and Mesoamerican Writing

Epigraphic Networks in Cross-Cultural Perspective

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