5 Science on the Move: Francis Willughby’s Expeditions

Greengrass, Mark; Hildyard, Daisy; Preston, C.; Smith, Paul J.

doi:10.1163/9789004285323_006

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…It was recorded in the Pyrenees by Bauhin (1620) as Orobanche flore maiore ex ceruleo purpurascente , communicated by Joachim Burser who collected a herbarium specimen in 1600. It was first recorded in Italy by John Ray in April 1664 in moist and shady places by a river between Lerici and Luca as Dentaria aphyllos purpurea cespite denso (Greengrass, Hildyard, Preston, & Smith, 2016; Ray, 1673).…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Lathraea clandestina

Atkinson

Atkinson²

2020

Journal of Ecology

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This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Lathraea clandestina L. (Purple Toothwort) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, hervbivores and disease, history and conservation. Lathraea clandestina is a holoparasitic perennial herb essentially devoid of chlorophyll which can parasitize a wide range of host plants. These include ferns, herbs and trees although it is most frequent on Populus spp., Salix spp. and Alnus glutinosa. It usually flowers between April and June. It is pollinated principally by long‐tongued bumblebees (Bombus spp.). The flowers arise directly from a subterranean stem and have specialised features to reduce nectar theft particularly by ants and birds. Seeds are explosively ejected and can spread up to 8 m. For most of the year, plants are not visible. Lathraea clandestina is native to Belgium, throughout much of western France as far north as Brittany, Andorra, the Pyrenees in France and Spain, northern Spain and in Italy where it has a very disjunct distribution. It has been widely introduced in Britain and Ireland and is extensively naturalised. It has been introduced and naturalised also in The Netherlands, Switzerland and Germany. It is very commonly a riparian plant and can spread downstream. As a parasite dwelling underground for most of the year, L. clandestina draws solutes from the xylem of the host root using hydathode glands on the inner surface of the scales. Consequently a stream of liquid is exuded which affects surrounding vegetation. Lathraea clandestina still exhibits vestiges of some of the enzyme activity associated with photosynthesis and has a very limited ability to assimilate inorganic nitrogen and carbon. Its chloroplast genome is less reduced than in many other holoparasitic plants.

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Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Lathraea clandestina

Atkinson

Atkinson²

2020

Journal of Ecology

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“…18 Like Berkeley, Folkes melded aesthetic and natural philosophical concerns, his tour one of of scientific peregrination, or 'science on the move' that was prevalent from 1650-1750. 19 The origins of the scientific peregrination were in the 'peregrinatio academia of early modern aspiring scholars' and/or the peregrinatio medica, as medicine was the subject for which foreign travel was most valuable; medical students brought back new techniques, knowledge, and materia medica to their homeland. 20 Indeed, in the 1670s Thomas Bartholin when recalling his own peregrinatio medica noted, 'Today there are many travellers; indeed, it seems as if the whole of Europe is on the move'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous works such as botanist John Ray's later published travelogue of his journey on the Continent (editions in 1693 and 1738) reinforced the image of 'diligent natural philosophers, engaged in the pursuit of activities conducive to the public [and scientific] good'. 21 In 1698, physician and naturalist Martin Lister (1639Lister ( -1712 wrote a guidebook of his Journey to Paris, intending it specifically to appeal to fellow natural philosophers. 22 Lister directed the reader to his interests in natural history using his mature judgment and own eyes, offering 'clean Matter of Fact, and some short notes of an unprejudiced Observer'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taking Newton on tour: the scientific travels of Martin Folkes, 1733–1735

Roos

2017

Br J Hist Sci

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Martin Folkes (1690-1754) was Newton's protégé, an English antiquary, mathematician, numismatist and astronomer who would in the latter part of his career become simultaneously president of the Royal Society and of the Society of Antiquaries. Folkes took a Grand Tour from March 1733 to September 1735, recording the Italian leg of his journey from Padua to Rome in his journal. This paper examines Folkes's travel diary to analyse his Freemasonry, his intellectual development as a Newtonian and his scientific peregrination. It shows how, in this latter area, how he used metrology to understand not only the aesthetics but also the engineering principles of antique buildings and artefacts, as well as their context and place in the Italian landscape. Using Folkes's diary, his account book of his journey in the Norwich archives, and his correspondence with other natural philosophers such as Francesco Algarotti (1712-1764), Anders Celsius (1701-1744) and Abbé Antonio Schinella Conti (1667-1749), this paper will also demonstrate to what extent Folkes's journey established his reputation as an international broker of Newtonianism, as well as the overall primacy of English scientific instrumentation to Italian virtuosi.

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Botanical relics of a lost landscape: herborising ‘upon the Cliffs about the Pharos’ in Genoa, March 1664

2017

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This paper uses approaches derived from historical ecology to show how\ud knowledge can be gained about the historical and cultural value of neglected\ud urban landscapes. We study the area around Genoa’s lighthouse and consider\ud the long-term survival of individual plant species and some implications for\ud landscape conservation. We examine topographical representations over\ud the last 500 years to establish the landscape context of the lighthouse. We\ud then analyse the records of plants collected by two English naturalists of\ud the seventeenth century, John Ray and Francis Willughby, and demonstrate\ud how the plants were identified and documented. We survey the current\ud vegetation to establish whether any species identified in 1664 still grow\ud at the site. This exploration of botanical ancestry at a local scale makes it\ud possible to demonstrate cultural–historical values of the lighthouse rocks\ud and their vegetation which should be considered as part of the cultural\ud heritage of the city of Genoa

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5 Science on the Move: Francis Willughby’s Expeditions

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Lathraea clandestina

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Lathraea clandestina

Taking Newton on tour: the scientific travels of Martin Folkes, 1733–1735

Botanical relics of a lost landscape: herborising ‘upon the Cliffs about the Pharos’ in Genoa, March 1664

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