5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptor, 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor and serotonin transporter binding in the human auditory cortex in depression

Steinberg, Louisa J.; Underwood, Mark D.; Bakalian, Mihran J.; Kassir, Suham; Mann, J. John; Arango, Victoria

doi:10.1503/jpn.180190

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Most studies suggest that chronic stress upregulates 5-HT2AR binding and expression ( Dwivedi et al., 2005 ; Fernandes et al, 1997 ; Ossowska et al., 2001 ; Takao et al, 1995 ; although see Xu et al, 2016 ) and the 5-HT2AR is implicated in physiological and behavioural responses to chronic stress in humans ( Chang et al., 2017 ; Fiocco et al, 2007 ; Parade et al, 2017 ) and animal models ( Jaggar et al, 2017 ; Xu et al, 2016 ; although see Jaggar et al, 2017 ). Various studies show upregulated 5-HT2AR transcript and protein expression in neuroticism ( Frokjaer et al, 2008 ) and depression ( Amidfar et al, 2017 ; Bhagwagar et al, 2006 ; Meyer et al., 2003 ; Shelton et al, 2009 ; although see Steinberg et al, 2019 ), particularly in relationship to dysfunctional attitudes ( Baeken et al, 2014 ; Meyer et al, 2003 ) and suicide ( Anisman et al, 2008 ; Pandey et al, 2002 ; Stanley and Mann, 1983 ; Turecki et al., 1999 ; although see Mann et al, 2019 ; Steinberg et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Serotonin Stress and The 5-ht2armentioning

confidence: 99%

Pivotal mental states

2020

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This paper introduces a new construct, the ‘pivotal mental state’, which is defined as a hyper-plastic state aiding rapid and deep learning that can mediate psychological transformation. We believe this new construct bears relevance to a broad range of psychological and psychiatric phenomena. We argue that pivotal mental states serve an important evolutionary function, that is, to aid psychological transformation when actual or perceived environmental pressures demand this. We cite evidence that chronic stress and neurotic traits are primers for a pivotal mental state, whereas acute stress can be a trigger. Inspired by research with serotonin 2A receptor agonist psychedelics, we highlight how activity at this particular receptor can robustly and reliably induce pivotal mental states, but we argue that the capacity for pivotal mental states is an inherent property of the human brain itself. Moreover, we hypothesize that serotonergic psychedelics hijack a system that has evolved to mediate rapid and deep learning when its need is sensed. We cite a breadth of evidences linking stress via a variety of inducers, with an upregulated serotonin 2A receptor system (e.g. upregulated availability of and/or binding to the receptor) and acute stress with 5-HT release, which we argue can activate this primed system to induce a pivotal mental state. The pivotal mental state model is multi-level, linking a specific molecular gateway (increased serotonin 2A receptor signaling) with the inception of a hyper-plastic brain and mind state, enhanced rate of associative learning and the potential mediation of a psychological transformation.

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Section: Serotonin Stress and The 5-ht2armentioning

confidence: 99%

Pivotal mental states

2020

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“…SPT was used for this study, since previous studies have shown that sucrose consumption is a weak and inconsistent index of reward responsiveness in DD [36]. 5-HT1A receptor is closely related to emotional disorders; it is an admittedly important biological markers of DD [37]. This study showed the effect of reduced sucrose consumption in DD group and HCC-DD group at Day 14.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Risk of Developing Hepatocellular Carcinoma following Depressive Disorder Based on the Expression Level of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1

Chen

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Background. Accumulating evidence from prospective epidemiological studies has showed that depression disorder (DD) is a risk factor for cancer. The aim of this study is to explore the association of DD and the overall occurrence risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the mechanism. Methods. In this study, 60 mice were randomly divided into four groups: Control group, DD group, HCC group, HCC-DD group. Mice received a chronic dose of reserpine to establish depression model, followed by Diethylnitrosamine and Carbon tetrachloride administration to establish HCC models. Behavioral depression was assessed by sucrose preference test (SPT) and the expression of Serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptor in the hippocampal. The expression of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1 in the digestive system tissues was detected by PCR and western blotting. Results. Reserpine-administrated mice had a reducing sucrose preference at Day 14 compared with blank mice (P<0.05). The expression of 5-HT1A receptor in the hippocampal was decreased in DD mice compared with blank mice. The survival analysis indicated that the HCC mice with DD have poorer survival rate compared with the HCC mice. Compared with HCC mice, the expression of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1 was lower in liver and stomach tissue and higher in hepatic carcinoma and colon tissue of HCC-DD mice (P<0.05), and the expression of Oatp2a1 was higher in the spleen tissue of HCC-DD mice while the expression of Oatp2b1 was lower (P<0.05). However, no difference was found in the expression of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1 in the small intestine tissue between HCC group and HCC-DD group. Conclusions. DD was the adverse factors for the overall occurrence risk of HCC. Mechanistically, be the downregulation of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1 in liver tissue induced by DD might be involved.

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“…The HG (Brodmans area 41/42) is a part of the temporal lobe (temporal transverse gyrus) and represents the putative anatomical correlate of the human primary auditory cortex [ 52 ]. As the temporal lobe receives some of the highest-density serotonergic innervation in the telencephalon, several investigations indicate that abnormalities in serotonergic tone in this region may be associated with depression [ 53 ]. Moreover, converging evidence suggests impaired auditory information processing in depression and reduced connectivity between the auditory cortex and the thalamus as well as the posterior cingulate [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

7T ultra-high-field neuroimaging for mental health: an emerging tool for precision psychiatry?

et al. 2022

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Given the huge symptom diversity and complexity of mental disorders, an individual approach is the most promising avenue for clinical transfer and the establishment of personalized psychiatry. However, due to technical limitations, knowledge about the neurobiological basis of mental illnesses has, to date, mainly been based on findings resulting from evaluations of average data from certain diagnostic groups. We postulate that this could change substantially through the use of the emerging ultra-high-field MRI (UHF-MRI) technology. The main advantages of UHF-MRI include high signal-to-noise ratio, resulting in higher spatial resolution and contrast and enabling individual examinations of single subjects. Thus, we used this technology to assess changes in the properties of resting-state networks over the course of therapy in a naturalistic study of two depressed patients. Significant changes in several network property measures were found in regions corresponding to prior knowledge from group-level studies. Moreover, relevant parameters were already significantly divergent in both patients at baseline. In summary, we demonstrate the feasibility of UHF-MRI for capturing individual neurobiological correlates of mental diseases. These could serve as a tool for therapy monitoring and pave the way for a truly individualized and predictive clinical approach in psychiatric care.

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5-HT_1A receptor, 5-HT_2A receptor and serotonin transporter binding in the human auditory cortex in depression

Cited by 22 publications

References 72 publications

Pivotal mental states

Pivotal mental states

Risk of Developing Hepatocellular Carcinoma following Depressive Disorder Based on the Expression Level of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1

7T ultra-high-field neuroimaging for mental health: an emerging tool for precision psychiatry?

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5-HT1A receptor, 5-HT2A receptor and serotonin transporter binding in the human auditory cortex in depression

Cited by 22 publications

References 72 publications

Pivotal mental states

Pivotal mental states

Risk of Developing Hepatocellular Carcinoma following Depressive Disorder Based on the Expression Level of Oatp2a1 and Oatp2b1

7T ultra-high-field neuroimaging for mental health: an emerging tool for precision psychiatry?

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5-HT_1A receptor, 5-HT_2A receptor and serotonin transporter binding in the human auditory cortex in depression