4G coverage analysis of Croatian main roads

Shetty, Srushti; Lackovic, Sinisa; Pilinsky, Sonja Zentner

doi:10.23919/elmar.2017.8124451

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In this work, another nationwide drive test campaign in a commercial LTE network is presented. Unlike [36] and [37], the aim is not to assess general coverage and performance levels on roads, but to characterize radio signal strength fluctuations on a smaller scale (i.e., meters). By comparing signal level samples at the same geographical location, but at slightly different times, it is possible to characterize how different factors (e.g., shadowing, environment, handover .…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Radio Signal Strength Fluctuations in Road Scenarios for Cellular Vehicular Network Planning in LTE

et al. 2021

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Road coverage will be a key issue for the success of connected car applications. In this work, a comprehensive analysis of radio signal strength fluctuations on roads in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system is presented. For this purpose, a measurement campaign based on drive tests was carried out to assess the coverage levels that can be expected on ordinary roads by normal in-car terminals in a country of the European Union. Measurements were collected on 1,000 km of road by 2 vehicles covering the same route. By comparing signal level samples at the same geographical location, taken at slightly different times, a statistical model of fluctuations is derived. Then, the impact of different factors (e.g., shadowing, environment, handover, etc.) on the signal level received from the serving cell is assessed. Results show that large deviations of signal level (up to 23 dB) are observed at the same geographical location.INDEX TERMS Coverage, propagation, fading, measurement, drive test, road, network planning, cellular vehicle to everything (C-V2X), statistical model.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Radio Signal Strength Fluctuations in Road Scenarios for Cellular Vehicular Network Planning in LTE

et al. 2021

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“…Other parameters like antenna direction, mechanical tilt, and electrical tilt are determined from simulation in Atoll Planning Software. These parameters determination considers the distribution of users at the surrounding site, topography, altitude, and building block if any [8].…”

Section: B Coverage Analysis After Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Low Site Density Area for 4G Network in Urban City

Yuliana

Basuki

Prini³

2021

J. Elektron. dan Telekomun.

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The development of telecommunications is currently growing rapidly, especially in urban areas. To obtain optimal data services for users, the performances of 4G network services must continue to be optimized. It is known that many users are scattered in urban areas, but sometimes it is not balanced with an even distribution of the site in this area. This condition occurs because the distribution of the site is not evenly optimal distributed, either due to licensing constraints, limited land access for site development, or in terms of plans that have not been made. Balanced with the requirement of a 4G network, which is required, this "empty space" condition or low site density condition must find a solution or optimize it. Many optimization methods can optimize the area with low site density possibility. This study will optimize the area by adding a new site proposal based on coverage planning. We need to analyze Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) coverage signal distribution using Atoll Planning Software. After optimization, the RSRP level below or equal -80 dBm increased from 75.195% to 94.08%. Furthermore, the percentage calculation for inadequate coverage (below -80 dBm) decreased from 24.816% to 5.931%. This RSRP signal level also shows that the condition after optimization with a new site can improve the signal level condition from areas with low site density possibility.

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“…Others apply custom performance measurement tools that better fit their research aims [40,41]. The MBB data measurement can be conducted in indoor environments [42,43], within university campuses [44][45][46][47], along roads [48,49], in different locations of the same city [41,50], in several cities [6,51], in different countries [52] or at specific large-scale events [53]. To preserve the privacy of the measurement analysis outcomes, the names of MBB service operators may be coded to conceal their identities [44], while others choose to surprisingly declare the findings of operators' measurement results, as in [45,46], or as by Ofcom in the United Kingdom (UK) [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of Mobile Broadband Networks With 5G Trends and Beyond: Urban Areas Scope in Malaysia

et al. 2021

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The performance of Mobile Broadband (MBB) services of Fourth Generation (4G) and Third Generation (3G) mobile networks over urban morphology is studied in Malaysia based on experimental measurements of drive test data. The aim of this study is to provide a roadmap for service providers to establish a realistic plan for future Fifth Generation (5G) networks. This work is a continuation of our previous work for the scope of rural areas in Malaysia. The MBB measurement data have been gathered through drive tests conducted in the urban areas of four states throughout Malaysia (namely, Klang Valley/Selangor, Johor, Sarawak and Sabah) to characterise and analyse MBB performances. The gathered data are from the cities, highways and federal roads of the chosen states, and encompasses three main Mobile Network Operators (MNOs). Data has been collected in a time span of 2 months, from January to February, using the Samsung Galaxy S6 smartphone handsets. Four MBB Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are considered in this study (coverage, latency, satisfaction and speed) for two MBB services (web browsing and video streaming). The measurement data for characterising the performance of each MBB service has been collected using a dedicated smartphone handset. YouTube videos with 720p and 1080p resolutions have been sequentially streamed to assess the performance of MBB video-streaming services. Three distinct websites (Google, Instagram and mStar) have been accessed to evaluate the performance of MBB web-browsing services. The experimental methodology of this study integrates several diversified elements including four different urban states, four distinct KPIs, three main MNOs, two MBB services and two radio networks (4G and 3G), which are both accessible by the smartphones when available to mimic real-world scenarios. The results of this study reveal that the performance of 4G radio networks is generally superior to that of 3G . For instance, 4G networks achieved a vMOS score of more than 3 for both MBB video-streaming and web-browsing services, while 3G networks scored less than 3 across all four study areas. The analysed experimental results confirmed that compared to 3G networks, 4G technology presents an enhancement factor of up to 1.6 and 4.2 in download speed when streaming a video and browsing a web page, respectively. The study outcomes can contribute to the efficient planning of nonstandalone (NSA) 5G networks in Malaysia where 5G networks will be aided by existing 4G infrastructures. Analysing the 4G coverage performance is the first step towards deciding the deployment rate of NSA 5G in Malaysia.INDEX TERMS Mobile Broadband, urban areas, Malaysia, 3G and 4G networks, plans for 5G technology in Malaysia

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4G coverage analysis of Croatian main roads

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Characterization of Radio Signal Strength Fluctuations in Road Scenarios for Cellular Vehicular Network Planning in LTE

Characterization of Radio Signal Strength Fluctuations in Road Scenarios for Cellular Vehicular Network Planning in LTE

Optimization of Low Site Density Area for 4G Network in Urban City

Performance Analysis of Mobile Broadband Networks With 5G Trends and Beyond: Urban Areas Scope in Malaysia

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