4D Seismic Bandwidth and Resolution Analysis for Reservoir Fluidflow Model Applications

Feasibility of using the P-Cable high-resolution 3D seismic system in detecting and monitoring CO2 leakage

“…Conventional time-lapse seismic data is essential in monitoring subsurface deformation and fluid movement for offshore exploration and production (E&P) industry and CCS operations (Johnston, 2013). Time-related seismic anomalies help identify fluid saturation or pressure changes, potential leakage pathways, microseismic events, and provide information about the structures and properties of the reservoir, seal, and overburden (Souza et al, 2019). Resolution of the seismic image is largely dependent on the frequency bandwidth of the seismic signal, whereby higher frequencies result in better resolved layers and anomalies but with shallower signal penetration, whereas lower frequencies result in greater penetration depth but decreased resolution (Carcione et al, 1988;Lebedeva-Ivanova et al, 2018).…”

“…The increasing focus upon shallow fluid systems (e.g., James et al (2016)) and geohazards (e.g., Yonggang et al (2016)) related to current climate change, has resulted in high-resolution seismic acquisition systems being developed with a focus on costeffective, easy-to-deploy systems that provide high-quality imaging of shallow targets. Such highresolution data sets generally integrate better with fluid migration modelling studies than conventional data (Souza et al, 2019). The high-resolution P-Cable 3D seismic system is one such acquisition technology that has been utilized to study shallow subsurface gas hydrate fluid flow systems (e.g.…”