4D printing: Perspectives for the production of sustainable plastics for agriculture

Maraveas, Chrysanthos; Bayer, Ilker S.; Bartzanas, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107785

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…3D printing has found application in managing agricultural plastic wastes to make useful plastic products for farming applications. Evidence from Maraveas et al [ 88 ] and Maraveas, Bayer, and Bartzanas [ 112 ] consistently shows that 3D-printed Nano-materials exhibit exemplary toughness because they are reinforced and multi-layered for high strength. The examination of the studies [ 88 , 112 ] indicates that the feedstocks used in the 3D printing comprised of clean thermoplastics that were used in the manufacture of greenhouse covers and other agricultural applications such as shade nets and food packaging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Viability of 3D Printing in Recycling Polymers

Maraveas,

Kyrtopoulos,

Arvanitis

2024

Polymers

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The increased use of plastics in industrial and agricultural applications has led to high levels of pollution worldwide and is a significant challenge. To address this plastic pollution, conventional methods such as landfills and incineration are used, leading to further challenges such as the generation of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, increasing interest has been directed to identifying alternative methods to dispose of plastic waste from agriculture. The novelty of the current research arose from the lack of critical reviews on how 3-Dimensional (3D) printing was adopted for recycling plastics, its application in the production of agricultural plastics, and its specific benefits, disadvantages, and limitations in recycling plastics. The review paper offers novel insights regarding the application of 3D printing methods including Fused Particle Fabrication (FPF), Hot Melt Extrusion (HME), and Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) to make filaments from plastics. However, the methods were adopted in local recycling setups where only small quantities of the raw materials were considered. Data was collected using a systematic review involving 39 studies. Findings showed that the application of the 3D printing methods led to the generation of agricultural plastics such as Polylactic Acid (PLA), Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), and High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), which were found to have properties comparable to those of virgin plastic, suggesting the viability of 3D printing in managing plastic pollution. However, limitations were also associated with the 3D printing methods; 3D-printed plastics deteriorated rapidly under Ultraviolet (UV) light and are non-biodegradable, posing further risks of plastic pollution. However, UV stabilization helps reduce plastic deterioration, thus increasing longevity and reducing disposal. Future directions emphasize identifying methods to reduce the deterioration of 3D-printed agricultural plastics and increasing their longevity in addition to UV stability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Viability of 3D Printing in Recycling Polymers

Maraveas,

Kyrtopoulos,

Arvanitis

2024

Polymers

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“…With the advances of this novel concept, the application scope of 4D printing has been extended to self‐assembly, [ 197 ] self‐adaptation, [ 198 ] and self‐healing. [ 199 ] Currently, there is a wide range of applicable 4D‐printing methods, including direct inkjet curing, [ 200 ] fused deposition modeling, [ 201 ] stereolithography, [ 202 ] laser‐assisted bioprinting, [ 203 ] and selective laser sintering. [ 204 ] However, 4D printing is still in its infancy, and the 4D printing of soft robots relies heavily on the selection of SMMs, which might limit the performance of the robots.…”

Section: Soft Materials and Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on Underwater Soft Robots

Qu,

Xu,

et al. 2023

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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The ocean environment has enormous uncertainty due to the influence of complex waves and undercurrents. The human beings are limited in their abilities to detect and utilize marine resources without powerful tools. Soft robots employ soft materials to simplify the complex mechanical structures in rigid robots and adapt their morphology to the environment, making them suitable for performing some challenging tasks in place of manual labor. Due to superior flexible and deformable bodies, underwater soft robots have played significant roles in numerous applications in recent decades. Meanwhile, various technical challenges still need to be tackled to ensure the reliability and practical performance of underwater soft robots in complicated ocean environment. Nowadays, some researchers have developed underwater soft robotic systems based on biomimetics and other disciplines, aiming at comprehensive exploration of ocean and appropriate utilization of unexploited resources. This review presents the recent advances of underwater soft robots in the aspects of intelligent soft materials, fabrication, actuation, locomotion patterns, power storage, sensing, control, and modeling; additionally, the existing challenges and perspectives are analyzed as well.

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“…[8], [9]. Hence, four-dimensional (4D) printing is a novel technical development in which materials may be distorted when subjected to external stimuli [10], [11], [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A REVIEW ON 4D ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING - THE APPLICATIONS, SMART MATERIALS & EFFECT OF VARIOUS STIMULI ON 4D PRINTED OBJECTS

Maidin,

Jin Wee,

Sharum

et al. 2023

Jurnal Teknologi

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Additive Manufacturing, often known as 3D printing, is a process that uses a variety of materials to manufacture highly accurate items layer by layer. However, this technology has its limitations. One such limitation is the inability to print components larger than the printer's size due to the limited size of the build chamber. 4D additive manufacturing or 4D printing is an innovative development based on 3D printing that allows objects to be reshaped after printing, using stimuli-responsive materials that require external stimuli. This article present a review on 4D printing. Four databases, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, and Scopus database, were systematically searched for relevant review articles to identify and classify research studies. Specific keywords (4D printing, additive manufacturing, smart materials, stimuli, and application) were identified and used to guide the discovery of relevant studies. A total of 28 full articles were reviewed to study the applications of 4D printing, smart materials for 4D printing, as well as the effect of various stimuli on 4D printed objects. In conclusion, this review gives a summary of 4D printing and highlights its potential for revolutionizing manufacturing and further research is required to solve the limitations posed by this technology.

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4D printing: Perspectives for the production of sustainable plastics for agriculture

Cited by 37 publications

References 110 publications

Evaluation of the Viability of 3D Printing in Recycling Polymers

Evaluation of the Viability of 3D Printing in Recycling Polymers

Recent Advances on Underwater Soft Robots

A REVIEW ON 4D ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING - THE APPLICATIONS, SMART MATERIALS & EFFECT OF VARIOUS STIMULI ON 4D PRINTED OBJECTS

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