4D printing of light activated shape memory polymers with organic dyes

Gastaldi, Matteo; Spiegel, Christoph A.; Vazquez-Martel, Clara; Barolo, Claudia; Roppolo, Ignazio; Blasco, Eva

doi:10.1039/d2me00201a

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…To analyze the photopolymerization taking place during printing, the degree of double-bond conversion (DOC) was calculated from FTIR spectra (Figures S18–S23). The DOC values for the three lactate ester-derived polymers lie within a range of 76–86%, which is in accordance with values observed in literature for 3D printed samples . Specifically, the DOCs were calculated to be 86% for the MeLMA formulation, 76% for ELMA, and 79% for BuLMA.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Designing Sustainable Polymers: Lactate Esters for 3D Printing and Upcycling

Klee,

Vazquez-Martel,

Florido Martins

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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The search for sustainable polymer systems is key to tackling the current climate crisis. However, the use of biobased polymers does not suffice to achieve this goal. Additionally, chemical approaches enabling the recycling or upcycling of polymer materials need to be explored. Herein, we exploit lactate esters with different substituents as readily available biobased molecules for the synthesis of printable monomers. The synthesis of these lactate ester-based monomers follows green chemistry principles by establishing a solvent-free, one-pot approach, relying on a reusable catalyst, and achieving high conversions (84−100%) under mild conditions. Further, these monomers are utilized in 3D printable ink formulations for digital light processing (DLP) for the first time in combination with a recycled crosslinker. The resulting 3D printed structures display complex geometries with high resolution. A key attribute of the presented system is that the 3D printed polymer material can be upcycled via aminolysis affording a precursor of the crosslinker, which is in turn incorporated into further ink formulations, introducing a material circularity into the system. These results demonstrate a strategic combination of a biobased monomer and chemical upcycling with sustainable 3D printing techniques.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Designing Sustainable Polymers: Lactate Esters for 3D Printing and Upcycling

Klee,

Vazquez-Martel,

Florido Martins

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…Furthermore, to induce SH ability to a polymer network means sometimes to also induce shape memory properties, i.e., the ability of a material/structure to have autonomous movements after programming. [297] Consequently, those two characteristics are exploited to fabricate actuators [234,[251][252][253]258,261,262,265,266,270,277,288] which can be used either in soft robotics or in robotics, according to the mechanical characteristics of the polymer used and the requirements of the application. Interestingly, while most of the structures in the biomedical field are fabricated by extrusion-based 3D printing, in robotics and especially soft robotics light-induced 3D printing is mostly used.…”

Section: Robotics and Soft Roboticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing of Self‐Healing Materials

Roppolo,

Caprioli,

Pirri

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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In this review article, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the field of 3D printable structures with self‐healing properties. Three‐dimensional printing (3DP) is a versatile technology that enables the rapid manufacturing of complex geometric structures with precision and functionality not previously attainable. However, the application of 3DP technology is still limited by the availability of materials with customizable properties specifically designed for additive manufacturing. The addition of self‐healing properties within 3D printed objects is of high interest as it can improve the performance and lifespan of structural components, and even enable the mimicking of living tissues for biomedical applications, such as organs printing. In the review, we will discuss and analyze the most relevant results reported in recent years in the development of self‐healing polymeric materials that can be processed via 3D printing. After introducing the chemical and physical self‐healing mechanism that can be exploited, the literature review here reported will focus in particular on printability and repairing performances. At last, actual perspective and possible development field will be critically discussed.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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“…Besides hydrogel, shape memory polymer [ 14 , 15 , 50 ], another special material, has attracted widespread attention, as it takes the glass transition temperature as the critical temperature for phase transferring. When the ambient temperature is lower than the glass transition temperature, the shape memory polymer is in a fixed phase, with a memory structure shape having a large modulus and hardness [ 51 ].…”

Section: Micro/nanoscale Laser 4d Additive Manufacturing With Smart M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To break through the technological/material limitations of implantable 4DM/NR applications, much effort has been devoted to shape-controlling strategies [ 15 ] to incorporate advanced light-triggered photochemistry [ 16 , 17 ] and soft-responsive materials [ 18 ]. In this respect, we have summarized and analyzed our previous work and peer research about laser-direct synthesized 4DM/NRs (see schematic in Figure 1 ) for review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four-Dimensional Micro/Nanorobots via Laser Photochemical Synthesis towards the Molecular Scale

Tao,

Lin,

Ren

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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Miniaturized four-dimensional (4D) micro/nanorobots denote a forerunning technique associated with interdisciplinary applications, such as in embeddable labs-on-chip, metamaterials, tissue engineering, cell manipulation, and tiny robotics. With emerging smart interactive materials, static micro/nanoscale architectures have upgraded to the fourth dimension, evincing time-dependent shape/property mutation. Molecular-level 4D robotics promises complex sensing, self-adaption, transformation, and responsiveness to stimuli for highly valued functionalities. To precisely control 4D behaviors, current-laser-induced photochemical additive manufacturing, such as digital light projection, stereolithography, and two-photon polymerization, is pursuing high-freeform shape-reconfigurable capacities and high-resolution spatiotemporal programming strategies, which challenge multi-field sciences while offering new opportunities. Herein, this review summarizes the recent development of micro/nano 4D laser photochemical manufacturing, incorporating active materials and shape-programming strategies to provide an envisioning of these miniaturized 4D micro/nanorobots. A comparison with other chemical/physical fabricated micro/nanorobots further explains the advantages and potential usage of laser-synthesized micro/nanorobots.

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4D printing of light activated shape memory polymers with organic dyes

Abstract: Light based 3D printing technologies, such as digital light processing (DLP), allow for the additive manufacturing of complex 3D objects at fast speeds and with high resolution. Typical printable formulations...

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Designing Sustainable Polymers: Lactate Esters for 3D Printing and Upcycling

Designing Sustainable Polymers: Lactate Esters for 3D Printing and Upcycling

3D Printing of Self‐Healing Materials

Four-Dimensional Micro/Nanorobots via Laser Photochemical Synthesis towards the Molecular Scale

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