4D Printing: Materials, Technologies, and Future Applications in the Biomedical Field

Bajpai, A K; Baigent, Anna; Raghav, Sakshika; Brádaigh, Conchúr M. Ó; Koutsos, Vasileios; Radacsi, Norbert

doi:10.3390/su122410628

Cited by 66 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…4D printing has many hurdles that it must overcome to achieve its full potential in the manufacturing technology. Some of the major hurdles include material's mechanical strength reduction, longer time of response to stimuli which results in a slow rate of shape changes [202].…”

Section: Polymer Applications Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing of Polymer Materials: Progress, Promise and Challenges

et al. 2021

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The use of additive manufacturing (AM) has moved well beyond prototyping and has been established as a highly versatile manufacturing method with demonstrated potential to completely transform traditional manufacturing in the future. In this paper, a comprehensive review and critical analyses of the recent advances and achievements in the field of different AM processes for polymers, their composites and nanocomposites, elastomers and multi materials, shape memory polymers and thermo-responsive materials are presented. Moreover, their applications in different fields such as bio-medical, electronics, textiles, and aerospace industries are also discussed. We conclude the article with an account of further research needs and future perspectives of AM process with polymeric materials.

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Section: Polymer Applications Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing of Polymer Materials: Progress, Promise and Challenges

et al. 2021

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“…Indeed, hydration and dehydration of the hydrophilic PEG polymer can be advantageously used for shape modification. More precisely, 4D printing consists of elaborating an object of precise thickness and shape that can be modified subsequent to the polymerization process by means of an external stimulus such as heat [225][226][227][228], light [229], water [230][231][232], or other stimuli. Thus, after printing a cross with a high spatial resolution via 3D printing using the three-component chalcone/Iod/EDB (1.5%/1.5%/1.5%, w/w/w) photoinitiating systems based on chalcones C60 and C64, swelling and thermally induced dehydration resulted in significant modification of the shapes of the crosses.…”

Section: Chalconesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in bis-Chalcone-Based Photoinitiators of Polymerization: From Mechanistic Investigations to Applications

Giacoletto

Dumur

2021

Molecules

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Over the past several decades, photopolymerization has become an active research field, and the ongoing efforts to develop new photoinitiating systems are supported by the different applications in which this polymerization technique is involved—including dentistry, 3D and 4D printing, adhesives, and laser writing. In the search for new structures, bis-chalcones that combine two chalcones’ moieties within a unique structure were determined as being promising photosensitizers to initiate both the free-radical polymerization of acrylates and the cationic polymerization of epoxides. In this review, an overview of the different bis-chalcones reported to date is provided. Parallel to the mechanistic investigations aiming at elucidating the polymerization mechanisms, bis-chalcones-based photoinitiating systems were used for different applications, which are detailed in this review.

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“…In addition, 4D-printed materials can be classified according to the type of external stimulus as thermo-, moisture-, photo-, electro-, magneto-, or pH-responsive. Applications that involve 3D-printed 4D materials include smart valves [ 89 ], microgrippers [ 90 ], drug delivery systems [ 91 ], energy-harvesting and storage systems [ 92 ], and functional organs [ 85 , 93 ].…”

Section: Micro-stereolithographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices for Emulsion Formation by Microstereolithography

2021

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Droplet microfluidics—the art and science of forming droplets—has been revolutionary for high-throughput screening, directed evolution, single-cell sequencing, and material design. However, traditional fabrication techniques for microfluidic devices suffer from several disadvantages, including multistep processing, expensive facilities, and limited three-dimensional (3D) design flexibility. High-resolution additive manufacturing—and in particular, projection micro-stereolithography (PµSL)—provides a promising path for overcoming these drawbacks. Similar to polydimethylsiloxane-based microfluidics 20 years ago, 3D printing methods, such as PµSL, have provided a path toward a new era of microfluidic device design. PµSL greatly simplifies the device fabrication process, especially the access to truly 3D geometries, is cost-effective, and it enables multimaterial processing. In this review, we discuss both the basics and recent innovations in PµSL; the material basis with emphasis on custom-made photopolymer formulations; multimaterial 3D printing; and, 3D-printed microfluidic devices for emulsion formation as our focus application. Our goal is to support researchers in setting up their own PµSL system to fabricate tailor-made microfluidics.

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4D Printing: Materials, Technologies, and Future Applications in the Biomedical Field

Cited by 66 publications

References 84 publications

Additive Manufacturing of Polymer Materials: Progress, Promise and Challenges

Additive Manufacturing of Polymer Materials: Progress, Promise and Challenges

Recent Advances in bis-Chalcone-Based Photoinitiators of Polymerization: From Mechanistic Investigations to Applications

Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices for Emulsion Formation by Microstereolithography

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