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Abstract

To investigate the effects of green tea waste on growth and health of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), Green tea waste (GTW) and green tea (GT) were added in the basal diet (BD) of fish by replacing wheat at an inclusion level of 5% to form three diets. 60 grass carp (43.8±2.8 g) were divided into three groups (each group having two replicates) and fed for 66 days. After which growth and health of fish were determined. The results showed that final weight of fish and feed efficiency ratio in GTW group were between BD and GT groups and they were not different compared with BD or with GT groups. Expression of muscle myf5 and myf6 in GTW were between BD and GT group, being significantly lower than BD group. Serum TP, ALB, GLO, HDL, LDL and T-AOC in GTW group were significantly higher than BD group. Expression of hsp 70 and ubiquitin in hepatopancreas of fish in GTW group were significantly higher than BD group. The results suggest that GTW supplementation has positive impact on health of fish without affecting the growth of fish.

Dietary Natural Plant Extracts Can Promote Growth and Modulate Oxidative Status of Senegalese Sole Postlarvae under Standard/Challenge Conditions

“…However, juveniles of rainbow trout fed with grape seed oil supplementation [57], at higher concentrations, also showed an improvement in growth and a decreased activity of some endogenous antioxidant defenses (SOD, CAT, and GST), which might corroborate the present results. Moreover, the inclusion of Epigallocatechin-3gallate (catechin present in green tea) and green tea in diets for rainbow trout juveniles [58] and grass carp [16], respectively, did not affect the oxidative status parameters analyzed. On the other hand, rainbow trout juveniles fed green tea presented a higher SOD activity and lower LPO content compared to the control group [17].…”

“…Green tea is one of the most popular beverages worldwide, and it contains high levels of flavanols (e.g., catechin, epigallocatechin gallate) that represent 25-35% of the leaves' dry weight. In aquaculture production, the inclusion at 5% of green tea in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) diets positively modulated myogenic regulator factors and stress-related genes [16], and at 0.01% of dietary inclusion enhanced the antioxidant and immune system in rainbow trout [17]. Grape seed extract is a by-product of the winery and grape juice industry.…”

Nutritional applications and beneficial health applications of green tea and l‐theanine in some animal species: A review

“…The green tea waste improved the serum biochemical indices, serum antioxidant ability and non-specific immune response without having any adverse effect on the growth of grass carp (Zhou, Lin, Ji, & Yu, 2016). The green tea waste improved the serum biochemical indices, serum antioxidant ability and non-specific immune response without having any adverse effect on the growth of grass carp (Zhou, Lin, Ji, & Yu, 2016).…”

“…Supplementation of green tea waste to basal diet by replacing wheat revealed positive results on the health of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). The green tea waste improved the serum biochemical indices, serum antioxidant ability and non-specific immune response without having any adverse effect on the growth of grass carp (Zhou, Lin, Ji, & Yu, 2016). However, white tea-supplemented diet decreased the weight of gilthead sea bream juveniles (Sparus aurata) fishes.…”

A Review of Grass Carp and Related Species Literature on Diet, Behavior, Toxicology, and Physiology Focused on Informing Development of Controls for Invasive Grass Carp Populations in North America

“…[317]). Green tea waste supplementation to a commercial diet improved certain biomarkers of health without affecting growth of grass carp [318]. Dietary hardy rubber tree (Eucommia ulmoides) leaf extract supplemented to a basal diet of 300 g/kg crude protein at 4 g/kg increased weight gain in grass carp by 4% and decreased the feed conversion ratio by 4% [319].…”